Prostate and Penis

Question 1

What two muscles support the gland laterally

Answer 1

levator ani and obturator internus

Question 2

___________ _________ separates the prostate from the rectum

Answer 2

Denonvillier fascia

Question 3

The base of the prostate is the ________ portion of the gland

Answer 3

superior

Question 4

The apex of the gland is the _______ portion of the gland

Answer 4

inferior

Question 5

The right and left ejaculatory ducts pass through the ______ zone and empty into the urethra

Answer 5

central

Question 6

____________ is a longitudinal ridge within the urethra that holds the openings from the ejaculatory ducts

Answer 6

verumontanum

Question 7

Glandular Prostate Zones:

Answer 7

transitional, central zone, peripheral zone, periurethral glandular zone

(fibromuscular region)

Question 8

what makes up 5% of the glandular tissue in the prostate

Answer 8

transitional

Question 9

which zone has two lobes?

Answer 9

transitional

Question 10

20% of cancers originate in this zone

Answer 10

transitional

Question 11

95% of benign prostatic hypertrophy originates in this zone

Answer 11

transitional

Question 12

20% of glandular tissue in the prostate is what zone

Answer 12

central

Question 13

where is the central zone of the prostate found

Answer 13

at the base, posterior to urethra

Question 14

where does the ejaculatory ducts course through to join the urethra

Answer 14

central zone

Question 15

10% of cancers originate in what zone

Answer 15

central

Question 16

70% of glandular tissue is located in the

Answer 16

peripheral zone

Question 17

70% of cancers originate in the

Answer 17

peripheral zone

Question 18

It is less common to find BPH in what zone

Answer 18

peripheral

Question 19

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is produced by

Answer 19

acinar cells

Question 20

Cancer elevates ____ much more significantly than BPH

Answer 20

PSA

Question 21

Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) is elevated with

Answer 21

prostate cancer

Question 22

Seminal vesicles are _________ __________ to prostate

Answer 22

superior posterior

Question 23

seminal vesicles store ____ and secrete ______ for ejaculation

Answer 23

sperm, fructose

Question 24

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) begins as early as ____

Answer 24

30 years old

Question 25

BPH causes increased _____ but cancer elevates this much quicker.

Answer 25

PSA

Question 26

Bezoars are:

Answer 26

intraluminal masses of undigested material

Question 27

Concretions are

Answer 27

inorganic substances; medications, bubble gum

Question 28

Trichobezoar

Answer 28

hairball

Question 29

Phytobezoar

Answer 29

undigestible plant or vegetable materials (cellulose)

Question 30

Lactobezoar

Answer 30

milk materials, seen in infants

Question 31

Excessive androgen production is commonly associated with

Answer 31

adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal cortical cancer and polycystic ovarian disease

Question 32

how would excessive androgen present as a clinical finding

Answer 32

hirsutism (male pattern hair growth)

Question 33

infant hip - place the probe

Answer 33

on the lateral hip

Question 34

pediatric hip - place the probe

Answer 34

on the anterior hip

Question 35

infant hip evaluation is for

Answer 35

hip dysplasia

Question 36

pediatric hip evaluation is for

Answer 36

inflammation and effusion

Question 37

If a patient presents with Conn syndrome, what hormone is increased

Answer 37

aldosterone

Question 38

puerperal mastitis is associated with

Answer 38

lacation

Question 39

puerperal mastitis is caused by

Answer 39

bacteria invading the nipple through cracks in the skin, causes ductal dilatation

Question 40

when scanning a tendon, scan as

Answer 40

perpendicular as possible to improve visualization

Question 41

when evaluating the achilles tendon, the thickness of the tendon should be obtained in what imaging plane

Answer 41

transverse

Question 42

common symptoms of Cushing syndrome

Answer 42

truncal obesity, hirsutism, amenorrhea, HTN, fatigue, hyperglycemia

Question 43

increased hematocrit causes:

Answer 43

dehydration, living at a high altitude, COPD, and polycythemia vera

Question 44

pheochromocytoma causes increased secretion of

Answer 44

dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 45

symptoms of pheochromocytoma:

Answer 45

HTN, anxiety, headache, nausea, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia and palpitations

Question 46

pheochromocytoma tumors originate in

Answer 46

medulla tissue and grow to 5-6 cm

Question 47

cushing syndrome caused by cushing disease = elevated

Answer 47

serum ACTH and cortisol in urinalysis

Question 48

Cushing syndrome caused by steroid use or adrenal tumor = elevated

Answer 48

cortisol on urinalysis

Question 49

Culen sign

Answer 49

Hemorrhagic discoloration of the umbilical area caused by intraperitoneal hemorrhage

Question 50

Grey Turner sign

Answer 50

hemorrhagic discoloration of the left flank caused by acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis

Question 51

hemoptysis

Answer 51

coughing up blood or blood stained mucus

Question 52

Addison disease labs

Answer 52

high levels of potassium (hyperkalemia), low sodium levels (hyponatremia)

Question 53

internal rotation of the arm is preferred for evaluation of the _______ tendon

Answer 53

supraspinatus

Question 54

External rotation of the arm is preferred for evaluation of ___________ tendon

Answer 54

subscapularis

Question 55

purple stretch marks (striae) on the lower and lateral abdomen are signs of _________ ___________

Answer 55

Cushing syndrome

Question 56

clinical symptoms that are common with adrenal hemorrhage

Answer 56

jaundice and low hematocrit