Propofol flashcards
The 4 desired effects of general anesthesia
hypnosis, amnesia, analgesia, immobility
The intravenous anesthetic provides all four of the desired effects of general anesthesia without side effects
none
Balanced anesthesia
Using smaller doses of multiple drugs to provide anesthesia rather than using larger doses of one or two drugs
The most frequently administered anesthetic drug for induction of anesthesia
Propofol
Other uses of propofol besides induction of general anesthesia
Sedation and to a lesser extent it is used to prevent nausea and vomiting
Propofol chemically is
2,6 diisopropylphenol
Propofol is metabolized by
70% liver 30% Lungs
Metabolites of Propofol are active or inactive
inactive
Metabolites of Propofol are excreted via
Kidneys
Wake up from a single dose of Propofol occurs within _____ minutes
8-10 minutes
Termination of the effects of Propofol are due to
Redistribution of the drug from highly perfused organs (brain) to lesser perfused organs/tissues
Sterile technique is especially important when working with Propofol because
the available formulation supports bacterial growth
An open vial of Propofol should be discarded after
6 hours
Patients with what allergy may be allergic to Propofol
Eggs. Propofol contains egg yolk lecithin
What effects does Propofol have on the central nervous system
Hypnosis, sedation, decreased cerebral blood flow, decreased cerebral metabolic requirement for oxygen, decreased intracranial pressure, decreased intraocular pressure, burst suppression on the EEG, anticonvulsant
The analgesic properties of Propofol are
Nonexistent
Propofol during periods of focal ischemia is
neuroprotective
Occasional excitatory effects of Propofol seen on induction of anesthesia with Propofol are
twitching and spontaneous movement
Propofol’s effect on systemic arterial blood pressure
Propofol produces a larger decrease in systemic arterial blood pressure than any other drug used for induction of anesthesia
Propofol’s effect on peripheral vasculature
Profound vasodilatation of both arterial and venous circulation
Propofol’s effect on the myocardium
Unclear
Propofol’s effect on preload
Propofol reduces preload
Propofol’s effect on afterload
Propofol reduces afterload
Propofol’s effect on the elderly
Propofol’s reduction in blood pressure is more pronounced in the elderly, especially those with reduced intravascular volume
Propofol’s effect on the baroreceptor response
Propofol markedly inhibits the normal baroreflex response and produces only a small increase in heart rate, thus further exacerbating its hypotensive effect.
Propofol can induce arrhythmias they are
Bradycardia and asystole can occur in healthy adults despite prophylactic anticholinergics
Propofol’s effect on respiration after an induction dose
Propofol’s respiratory depressant effects often produce apnea following an induction dose.
Propofol’s effect on respiration during a maintenance infusion
Propofol reduces minute volume both my decreases in respiratory rate and tidal volume. The decrease in tidal volume is more pronounced.
Propofol’s effect on upper airway reflexes
Propofol reduces airway reflexes more than pentothal making it well suited for instrumentation of the airway (intubation)
Wheezing after Propofol versus Pentothal
Propofol decreases the incidence of wheezing after induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation in healthy and asthmatic patients.
Propofol dose for induction of general anesthesia in healthy adults
1-2.5 mg/kg IV
Propofol dose for induction of general anesthesia in children
2.5-3.5 mg/kg IV
Continuous infusion rate of Propofol for IV sedation
25-75 mcg/kg/min
Antiemetic dose of Propofol
10-20 mg
Propofol side effect noted on injection
Pain on injection
The presumed mechanism of action of propofol is through
potentiation of the chloride current mediated throught he gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA type A) receptor complex
What is the beta half-life of Propofol?
4-23 hours
