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E-lfh FRCA Primary: Pharmacology - IV Induction Agents > Propofol > Flashcards

Propofol Flashcards

1
Q

Is propofol a weak acid or weak base, and what is it’s pKa?

A

Weak acid with pKa of 11. Single hydroxyl group, so high pKa. Almost completely unionised at pH 7.4. Will readily cross lipid membranes such as the blood-brain barrier to be able to diffuse to the effect site.

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2
Q

What is the volume of distribution of propofol?

A

4.0 L/kg. Largest of the induction agents due to lipid solubility

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3
Q

What is the clearance rate of propofol?

A

30-60 ml/kg/min. Relatively rapid, useful in infusion

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4
Q

What is the elimination half-life of propofol?

A

5-12 h. Longer when given via infusion (see the page on context-sensitive half-time later in this session)

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5
Q

How much propofol is protein bound?

A

98%

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6
Q

What is the context sensitive half time for a propofol infusion lasting 8 hours?

A

20 mins

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7
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is a phencyclidine derivative

A

False. Propofol is a phenolic derivative.

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8
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is presented as a 1% or 2% lipid emulsion

A

True

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9
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is light-sensitive

A

False. Propofol is not light-sensitive and can be stored in clear glass vials.

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10
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is stable at room temperature

A

True

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11
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is a weak base

A

False. Propofol is a weak acid.

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12
Q

Regarding the presentation and structure of propofol (true or false):

Propofol has a pKa of 11

A

True

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13
Q

Regarding the pharmacokinetics of propofol (true or false):

Propofol has a volume of distribution of 2.5 L/kg

A

False. Propofol has the largest volume of distribution of the induction agents at 4 L/kg

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14
Q

Regarding the pharmacokinetics of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is 90% protein bound

A

False. Propofol is 98% protein bound.

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15
Q

Regarding the pharmacokinetics of propofol (true or false):

Propofol has an elimination half-life of 5-12 hours

A

True

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16
Q

Regarding the pharmacokinetics of propofol (true or false):

Propofol is largely metabolised in the liver

A

True

17
Q

Regarding the pharmacokinetics of propofol (true or false):

Emergence following propofol infusion is relatively slow

A

False. Due to relatively rapid clearance via both hepatic and renal metabolism.

18
Q

Propofol (true or false):

Reduces systemic vascular resistance

A

True

19
Q

Propofol (true or false):

Causes bronchoconstriction

A

False. Propofol causes bronchodilation.

20
Q

Propofol (true or false):

Increases cerebral oxygen requirement

A

False. Propofol reduces cerebral oxygen requirement.

21
Q

Propofol (true or false):

Is an antiemetic due to D2 receptor agonism

A

False. Propofol is a D2 receptor antagonist.

22
Q

Propofol (true or false):

Is laryngeal reflex sparing

A

False. Propofol blunts the laryngeal reflex.

23
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

The standard adult induction dose is 3-4 mg/kg

A

False. The standard adult induction dose is 1- 2 mg/kg

24
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

Pain on injection can be mitigated by the addition of 1% lidocaine

A

True

25
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

It is contraindicated in patients with malignant hyperthermia

A

False. It is indicated in patients with malignant hyperthermia.

26
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

It can be used to reduce the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

A

True

27
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

The Bristol algorithm is an example of a target controlled infusion model

A

False. It is an example of a manual controlled infusion model.

28
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

Both the Schnider and Marsh models utilise lean body weight

A

False. Schnider uses actual body weight along with height, age and gender as part of its mathematical modelling.

29
Q

Regarding the clinical uses of propofol (true or false):

With propofol infusion alone, most patients will go to sleep at an effect target of 2.5-3 μg/ml

A

True

E-lfh FRCA Primary: Pharmacology - IV Induction Agents (6 decks)

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