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Knowing the Bible > Prophets > Flashcards

Prophets Flashcards

1
Q

What are two things prophets are called?

A

nabi - one who is called

ro’eh - one who sees

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2
Q

What was the role of prophets in ANE cultures?

A

spokesperson for deities

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3
Q

What is the primary purpose of prophecy (and what is it often confused with)?

A

Forth-telling (speaking directly on behalf of God)

NOT fore-telling (predicting the future)

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4
Q

What are three different status/functions that different prophets had in the OT?

A

Prophet-leader (Moses, Deborah)
Prophet-advisor (Samuel [post king], Nathan, Elijah, Elisha)
Prophet-preachers (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel)

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5
Q

What was the main call of Israelite/Jewish prophets?

A

For the people to hear and heed the covenant

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6
Q

How was prophetic content originally delivered?

A

Orally

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7
Q

What are five prophetic themes?

A
  1. Yahweh’s case against his people.
  2. Yahweh’s defence against idolatry.
  3. Yahweh’s communication of his interpretation of reality.
  4. Yahweh’s pronouncement against social injustice.
  5. Yahweh’s double-edged actions. (salvation & judgement)
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8
Q

What is the structure of Isaiah?

A

Chapters 1-39 - Audience: pre-exilic Judah under Assyrian domination. Content: warnings of rebellion.
Chapters 40-55 - Audience: exilic Judah under Babylonian domination. Content: Promises and pronouncements of comfort and restoration.
Chapters 56-66 - Audience: post-exilic Judah under Persian rule. Content: Greater emphasis on comfort and restoration with more attention to social issues.

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9
Q

What are six parts of Isaiah’s message?

A
  1. Yahweh’s plan is far bigger than his people can imagine.
  2. Yahweh is the “Holy One of Israel”
  3. Yahweh’s people described as rebels or in rebellion
  4. Contrasting imagery
  5. Hope in the Davidic covenant/restored Davidic king
  6. Cosmic scope of redemption beyond Judah
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10
Q

What are twelve contrasting images in Isaiah?

A
  1. wilderness/garden
  2. blindness/sight
  3. deafness/hearing
  4. sickness/wholeness
  5. destruction/rebuilding
  6. scattering/gathering
  7. original Exodus/new Exodus
  8. rebellion/trust
  9. failed leadership/restored Davidic kingship
  10. old creation/new creation
  11. pride/humility
  12. judgement/comfort
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11
Q

What is the political context for Jeremiah?

A

In Judah:

  • Pre-exile (and hated because of his message!)
  • Puppet kings under Babylonians
  • Exile in which he stayed in the land until he was forced to flee to Egypt.
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12
Q

What is the structure of Jeremiah?

A
  • Call of Jeremiah (1)
  • Book 1 - oracles of Jeremiah (2-25)
  • Biographical interlude (26-29)
  • Book 2 - the book of consolation (30-31)
  • Biographical interlude (32-45)
  • Book 3 - oracles against the nations (46-51)
  • Historical appendix: the fall of Jerusalem (52)
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13
Q

What are the three messages of Jeremiah?

A
  1. Pre-exile - Surrender to the Babylonians!
  2. Exile - Submit to the Babylonians!
  3. Yahweh must and will destroy that which is utterly corrupt in order to make something new again.
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14
Q

What were five sign acts of Jeremiah?

A
  • Buried a linen belt
  • Not allowed to marry
  • Bought and smashed a clay jar
  • Wore an oxen yoke
  • Bought a field
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15
Q

What is distinct about each chapter of Lamentations?

A

Each chapter is a discrete poem (1-3 are acrostic poems)

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16
Q

What are the two themes of lamentations?

A
  • The pain of Yahweh’s abandonment.

- The covenant faithfulness of Yahweh and call for confession and repentance

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17
Q

How many parts are there in Ezekiel and what is the focus of each?

A
  • Two Parts
    1. Prophecies against - Israel and the nations.
    2. Prophecies of restoration - people and the temple & land
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18
Q

What are six parts of Ezekiel’s message?

A
  1. Covenant relationship in exile.
  2. Individual responsibility for sin.
  3. Confrontation of idolatry
  4. Confrontation of false prophets
  5. Confrontation of exploitive leadership
  6. Visions of restoration and rebuilding
19
Q

What are four key visions Ezekiel had?

A
  1. God’s throne
  2. Defiled temple & Yahweh’s departure
  3. Dry bones
  4. New temple
20
Q

What are three distinctive of the structure of Daniel?

A
  • Two haves (1-6 Narratives) and (7-12 Visions)
  • Parallel topical structures (1 & 6; 2 & 7; 3 & 8; 4 & 9; 5 & 10-12)
  • Part written in Hebrew and part in Aramaic
21
Q

What are three parts of Daniel’s message?

A
  1. Yahweh is present.
  2. Yahweh is sovereign.
  3. Yahweh has a plan.
22
Q

What are the three most popular Daniel stories?

A
  • The fiery furnace. (3)
  • Belshazzar’s feast (writing on the wall) (5)
  • The Lion’s Den (6)
23
Q

What are two key visions in Daniel?

A
  • Beasts from the sea, followed by a human figure

- Visions of successive kingdoms with a final crisis and bodily resurrection

24
Q

What are three key themes aha run through the minor prophets/book of the twelve?

A
  • Idolatry
  • Social Justice
  • Day of the Lord
25
Q

Which “Book of the twelve” prophets are timed around the fall of the North? Where are they prophesying?

A
  • Hosea - North
  • Amos -North (although from the South)
  • Micah - South
  • Jonah (but not the character in the book!)
26
Q

Which “Book of the twelve” prophets are timed around the fall of the South?

A
  • Zephaniah
  • Nahum
  • Obadiah
  • Habakkuk
27
Q

Which “Book of the twelve” prophets are timed around the return from Exile?

A
  • Haggai

- Zechariah

28
Q

Which “Book of the twelve” prophets are hard to time?

A
  • Joel
  • Malachi
  • Jonah (the book)
29
Q

What are three parts of Hosea’s message?

A
  • Unfaithfulness to God (in worshipping Baal)
  • Punishment
  • God’s faithfulness to covenant
30
Q

What is the basic structure of Joel?

A
  • current disaster (locust plague)
  • impeding disaster (Day of the Lord)
  • future Day of the Lord
31
Q

What are the three parts of Amos’ structure?

A
  • Oracles against the nations
  • Oracles against Israel
  • Vision reports
32
Q

What is the primary message of Obadiah?

A

God will judge Edom (and the nations)

33
Q

What is the narrative sequence of Jonah?

A
  • First call/Jonah’s flight
  • God’s rescue/Jonah’s response
  • Second call/Nineveh’s response
  • God relents/Jonah’s anger
  • Concluding reflection on God’s right to have compassion
34
Q

What is the primary focus of Jonah?

A

God’s right to show compassion as he desires

35
Q

What is Micah’s appeal for a minimal response of steps towards God?

A

Micah 6:8 - “He has told you, O mortal, what is good; what does Yahweh require of you but to do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God.”

36
Q

What is Micah’s primary message?

A

Judgement against Judah’s leadership

37
Q

What is Nahum’s primary message?

A

Judgement against Nineveh (Assyria)

38
Q

What are three key elements in Habakkuk?

A
  • Complaints about Judah’s sin
  • Questions about God’s justice
  • Request for mercy
39
Q

What is the primary two point message of Zephaniah?

A
  • Judgement

- Restoration

40
Q

What theme does Zephaniah introduce?

A

-A remnant

41
Q

What is the three part structure of Haggai?

A
  • Exhortation to rebuild the temple
  • Encouragement for restoration
  • A message on the day the foundation is laid
42
Q

What symbol of the David line is used in Haggai?

A

signet ring

43
Q

What is a key framework for Zechariah?

A

Call and response

44
Q

What is the primary message of Malachi

A

Steps necessary for God’s people to come into conformity with covenant values. (appropriate worship, faithful relationships, concern for socially disadvantaged)

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