Properties of the PL

Question 1

The phonological similarity effect

Answer 1

Conrad 1964 - The fact that letter that are phonologically similar are harder to recall than letters that are phonologically distinct. Showing verbal info is coded phonemically and to be fed straight into the phonological store. not similarity effect in meaning either.

Question 2

Articulatory suppression

Answer 2

A technique to disrupt verbal rehearsal by requiring participant to continuously repeat spoken item -> suggest the idea of ACP

Question 3

Articulatory control process

Answer 3

mechanism by which subvocal rehearsal of contents of phonological store prevents decay

Question 4

Phonological Store

Answer 4

Holds auditory information for 2 seconds

Question 5

Capacity of PL

Answer 5

Miller +/- 7 - Baddeley - short term recall of words gets worse as words get longer. This is due to both number of syllables and reading speed.

Question 6

More rapid articulation -> greater working memory span (Chinese greater articulation -> greater digit memory (Hoosain & Salili 1988)

Answer 6

Hulme 1984 speech rate increase with age, this is correlated with number of words recalled

Question 7

Unattended Speech affect

Answer 7

Colle & Welsh (1976) Performance on span tasks is impaired if items are accompanied by other (unattended) verbal material - Baddeley found the code is phonemic not semantic - as it is irrelevant what the words mean.

Question 8

Articulatorysuppression disrupts word length effect and unattended speech effects and

Answer 8

Baddeley - Articulation of irrelevant items dominates ACP - Words cannot be “rehearsed” - word length has no influence

Question 9

PV - Vallar &Baddeley, 1988 - Digit span of two - What is the phonological loop good for in real life.

Answer 9

PV unable to verify even simple, let along complex sentences. Unable to learn new language

Question 10

Is the Phonological loop essential for Language learning in children - Correlation link

Answer 10

there are significant correlations between measures of phonological loop capacity and vocabularyknowledge - not causal link

Question 11

Is the Phonological loop essential for Language learning in children - Correlation

Answer 11

Gathercole and Baddeley 1990 - tested language learning in children with low and high phonological loop - Those with lower PL capacity learnt new vocab more slowly