Properties Of Structural Materials Flashcards
Name the 4 types of building loads
Weight of actual building
Weight of snow/rain
Wind loads
Weight of occupants and contents
What’s the definition of force
That which produces a deformation in a material
What’s is strength
The maximum stress before fracture
What is stress
The intensity of a force
What’s the equation for stress
Force / area
Name the 4 types of stress
Shear
Tensile
Compressive
Torsional
What’s a the difference between direct and indirect stress
Direct stress acts perpendicular to the plane whereas indirect act parallel
If a steel bar is bent into a U shape where is tension, compression and shear stress acting
Shear - in the centre of the beam
Compression - on the top surface
Tension - on the bottom surface
What does strain quantify
Deformation
How do you calculate strain
Change in dimension / original dimension
What is elastic deformation
When the material can return back to its original shape
What is elastic deformation
Permanent deformation
When a material behaves plastically under tensile stress which property does this material show
Ductility
When a material behaves plastically under compressive stress which property does this material show
Malleability
What’s toughness
Energy or work required to produce fracture
If a material had a low toughness then what other property does the material posses
Brittleness
What’s stiffness
Materials resistance to elastic deformation
What can you use to measure the stiffness of a material
Young’s modulus
How do you work out the Young’s modulus of a material
Stress / strain
Name the two types of testing
Destructive
Non destructive
What does the area under a force extension graph represent
Toughness
How can you tell the difference between ductile and brittle fracture
Ductile produces necking whereas brittle has a clean break
When would you calculate proof stress
When the material doesn’t have an obvious yield points
What’s they yield point
The change between elastic and plastic deformation
