Properties Of Structural Materials Flashcards
Name the 4 types of building loads
Weight of actual building
Weight of snow/rain
Wind loads
Weight of occupants and contents
What’s the definition of force
That which produces a deformation in a material
What’s is strength
The maximum stress before fracture
What is stress
The intensity of a force
What’s the equation for stress
Force / area
Name the 4 types of stress
Shear
Tensile
Compressive
Torsional
What’s a the difference between direct and indirect stress
Direct stress acts perpendicular to the plane whereas indirect act parallel
If a steel bar is bent into a U shape where is tension, compression and shear stress acting
Shear - in the centre of the beam
Compression - on the top surface
Tension - on the bottom surface
What does strain quantify
Deformation
How do you calculate strain
Change in dimension / original dimension
What is elastic deformation
When the material can return back to its original shape
What is elastic deformation
Permanent deformation
When a material behaves plastically under tensile stress which property does this material show
Ductility
When a material behaves plastically under compressive stress which property does this material show
Malleability
What’s toughness
Energy or work required to produce fracture
If a material had a low toughness then what other property does the material posses
Brittleness
What’s stiffness
Materials resistance to elastic deformation
What can you use to measure the stiffness of a material
Young’s modulus
How do you work out the Young’s modulus of a material
Stress / strain
Name the two types of testing
Destructive
Non destructive
What does the area under a force extension graph represent
Toughness
How can you tell the difference between ductile and brittle fracture
Ductile produces necking whereas brittle has a clean break
When would you calculate proof stress
When the material doesn’t have an obvious yield points
What’s they yield point
The change between elastic and plastic deformation
What does the gradient of a force extension graph represent
The Young’s modulus (stiffness)
The highest point on a force extension graph is?
Ultimate stress
What’s the definition of Young’s modulus
Resistance to elastic deformation
