Properties of Solid and Fluid Flashcards
Matter is composed of atoms that are arranged in nature as particles called?
Molecules
Are extremely small, making them difficult to observe.
Molecules
Matter exists in different states:
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
Matter
Have molecules that are locked in place and closely packed together. The intermolecular spaces in it are so small, that adjacent particles cannot slide past one another. Since molecular motion is limited only to slight vibrations, it cannot flow. This explains why it’s rigid and why they retain their shapes and sizes.
Solid
Have molecules that are farther apart from one another than those of solids. Intermolecular spaces in it are larger than those in solids, enabling their molecules to slide past one another. Thus, it flows and take the shape of the container they occupy.
Liquid
Have molecules that are much farther apart from one another than those of liquids. Their large intermolecular spaces, enable their particles to easily flow and move past one another. Similar to liquids, it takes the shape of the container they occupy.
Gases
is the capability of the molecules of matter to move closer together or be pressed against one another. It is directly observed in the object’s size and shape when under compressional stress.
Compressibility
Is the capability of materials to regain their shape and size after the removal of applied force. Rubber band, Spandex, springs, and bowstrings are common elastic objects.
Elasticity
The extent of deformation?
Strain
The amount of force?
Stress
Discovered the relationship between stress and strain.
British Physicist Robert Hooke (1635-1703)
States that the amount of deformation is directly proportional to the amount of force within elastic limit.
Hooke’s Law
Is the maximum stress an object can withstand without developing permanent deformation. This means that when the stretching force is increased twice, the deformation is also increased twice. Reducing then the applied force to one-third of the original force reduces the deformation to one third of the original deformation. This also means that beyond the elastic limit, the relationship no longer applies. Hence, permanent deformation is observed. The elasticity of a material depends on the force that holds its particles together.
Elastic Limit
The force that keeps the same type of molecules together is called the?
Force of Cohesion
To determine the elasticity of a material, the ratio of the amount of stress to the amount of strain is used. This ratio is known as the?
Modulus of Elasticity or Elastic Modulus
Elastic modulus is called what when its volume changes?
Bulk Modulus
Elastic modulus is called what when its shape changes?
Shear Modulus
Elastic modulus is called what when the length of the materials changes?
Young’s Modulus
