Properties of Matter

Question 1

If a question states there is a change in temperature what equation should be used?

Answer 1

E_H = cmΔT

Question 2

If a question states that there is a change in state from a solid to a liquid. What equation should be used?

Answer 2

E_H = ml_f

Question 3

If a question states that there is a change in state from a gas to a liquid. What equation should be used?

Answer 3

E_H = ml_v

Question 4

What is absolute zero?

Answer 4

0K = -273⁰C

Question 5

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 5

The energy required to change the temperature of a 1kg mass by 1 degree celsius.

Question 6

What is latent heat of fusion?

Answer 6

The energy required to change the state of a 1kg mass from a solid to a liquid or vice versa.

Question 7

What is the latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 7

The energy required to change the state of a 1kg mass from a liquid to a gas or vice versa.

Question 8

Why do we need to use more heat energy than the theoretical value to heat an object?

Answer 8

Heat energy is lost/given to its surroundings.

Question 9

What lines are associated with the specific heat capacity?

Answer 9

Line AB

Line CD

Line EF

Question 10

What line is associated with the latent heat of fusion?

Answer 10

Line BC

Question 11

What line is associated with the latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 11

Line DE

Question 12

Temperature is…

Answer 12

a measure of the random kinetic energy of the particles making up a substance.

Question 13

True or False:

Equal masses of different materials require different amounts of energy to change their temperature by 1⁰C.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

E_H is measured in…

Answer 14

Joules (J)

Question 15

Specific heat capacity is measured in…

Answer 15

J/kg⁰C

Joules per kilogram per degree celsius

Question 16

Latent heat of fusion and vaporisation is measured in…

Answer 16

J/kg

Joules per kilogram

Question 17

True or False:

When there is a change of state there is always a change in temperature.

Answer 17

False.

A change in state suggests it is latent heat that is used whereas a change in temperature would be specific heat capacity. You cannot have both at the same time.

Question 18

Mass is measured in…

Answer 18

kilograms (kg)

Question 19

For specific heat capacity questions what is temperature measured in?

Answer 19

Degrees celsius (⁰C)

Question 20

For gas laws, as the temperature increases what happens to the pressure for a constant volume of gas?

Answer 20

The pressure increases. The particles have more kinetic energy and they wil hit off of each other and the sides of the container more frequently. By hitting the sides of the container more frequently this will increase the force and therefore increase the pressure.

Question 21

For gas laws, as the volume increases what happens to the pressure for a fixed temperature of gas?

Answer 21

The pressure decreases.

The particles have more space to move with the same kinetic energy. They will interact with each other and the sides of the container less. This will reduce the force exerted on the sides of the container and will decrease the pressure.

Question 22

For gas laws, what happens to the temperature of a gas if the volume increases. The gas exerts the same pressure.

Answer 22

The temperature will also increase.

As the volume increases the particles need to exert the same pressure (hit the sides of the container with the same frequency). To exert the same pressure the particles need to travel a greater distance, hence they need to move faster. Their average kinetic energy will increase which will increase the temperature.

Question 23

Equation for Pressure

Answer 23

P = F / A

Question 24

What is pressure measured in?

Answer 24

Pascals (Pa)

Question 25

What is force measured in?

Answer 25

Newtons (N)

Question 26

What is area measured in?

Answer 26

metres squared (m²)

Question 27

True or False?

A pair of football boots will exert more pressure on the ground compared to trainers.

Answer 27

True.

Football boots have a smaller surface area and when the same force is exerted the pressure will increase due to the decrease in area.

Question 28

What is the equation for Boyle’s law?

Answer 28

Question 29

What is the equation for Charles’ law?

Answer 29

Question 30

What is the equation for Gay-Lussac’s law?

Answer 30

Question 31

For any of the gas equations what is temperature measured in?

Answer 31

Kelvin (K)

Question 32

What is zero degrees celsius in Kelvin?

Answer 32

273K