Properties of Matter Flashcards
If a question states there is a change in temperature what equation should be used?
EH = cmΔT
If a question states that there is a change in state from a solid to a liquid. What equation should be used?
EH = mlf
If a question states that there is a change in state from a gas to a liquid. What equation should be used?
EH = mlv
What is absolute zero?
0K = -2730C
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to change the temperature of a 1kg mass by 1 degree celsius.
What is latent heat of fusion?
The energy required to change the state of a 1kg mass from a solid to a liquid or vice versa.
What is the latent heat of vaporisation?
The energy required to change the state of a 1kg mass from a liquid to a gas or vice versa.
Why do we need to use more heat energy than the theoretical value to heat an object?
Heat energy is lost/given to its surroundings.
What lines are associated with the specific heat capacity?
Line AB
Line CD
Line EF
What line is associated with the latent heat of fusion?
Line BC
What line is associated with the latent heat of vaporisation?
Line DE
Temperature is…
a measure of the random kinetic energy of the particles making up a substance.
True or False:
Equal masses of different materials require different amounts of energy to change their temperature by 10C.
True
EH is measured in…
Joules (J)
Specific heat capacity is measured in…
J/kg0C
Joules per kilogram per degree celsius
Latent heat of fusion and vaporisation is measured in…
J/kg
Joules per kilogram
True or False:
When there is a change of state there is always a change in temperature.
False.
A change in state suggests it is latent heat that is used whereas a change in temperature would be specific heat capacity. You cannot have both at the same time.
Mass is measured in…
kilograms (kg)
For specific heat capacity questions what is temperature measured in?
Degrees celsius (0C)
For gas laws, as the temperature increases what happens to the pressure for a constant volume of gas?
The pressure increases. The particles have more kinetic energy and they wil hit off of each other and the sides of the container more frequently. By hitting the sides of the container more frequently this will increase the force and therefore increase the pressure.
For gas laws, as the volume increases what happens to the pressure for a fixed temperature of gas?
The pressure decreases.
The particles have more space to move with the same kinetic energy. They will interact with each other and the sides of the container less. This will reduce the force exerted on the sides of the container and will decrease the pressure.
For gas laws, what happens to the temperature of a gas if the volume increases. The gas exerts the same pressure.
The temperature will also increase.
As the volume increases the particles need to exert the same pressure (hit the sides of the container with the same frequency). To exert the same pressure the particles need to travel a greater distance, hence they need to move faster. Their average kinetic energy will increase which will increase the temperature.
Equation for Pressure
P = F / A
What is pressure measured in?
Pascals (Pa)
What is force measured in?
Newtons (N)
What is area measured in?
metres squared (m2)
True or False?
A pair of football boots will exert more pressure on the ground compared to trainers.
True.
Football boots have a smaller surface area and when the same force is exerted the pressure will increase due to the decrease in area.
What is the equation for Boyle’s law?
What is the equation for Charles’ law?
What is the equation for Gay-Lussac’s law?
For any of the gas equations what is temperature measured in?
Kelvin (K)
What is zero degrees celsius in Kelvin?
273K
