Properties of Matter Flashcards
Describe the arrangement of solids.
In solids, the particles are arranged in an orderly manner, forming a 3-dimensional structure. The strong intermolecular forces, hold the particles together in a stable position, and there is minimal movement. The particles may vibrate slightly about their rest positions. This close arrangement, contributes to the solid’s definite shape and volume.
Describe the arrangement of liquids.
In a liquid, the particles are closely held together, but not in fixed positions, allowing them to flow and deform. The movement of the particles is not confined to vibrations as in solids, but also involves random translation from one place to another in the bulk of the liquid.
Describe the arrangement of gases.
In a gas, the particles are widely spread out and free to move in all directions the weak intermolecular forces allow for rapid movement and expansion to fill up the container. This high-level of kinetic energy contributes to the gas’s fluidity and ability to disperse.
Explain why two gases, when brought into contact, mix more quickly than two liquids
Gases consist of widely spaced particles that move freely and rapidly. When two gases are brought together, their particles collide frequently, leading to efficient and rapid mixing. The weak intermolecular forces in gases allow them to diffuse and intermingle easily.
On the other hand, liquids have particles that are closer together with stronger intermolecular forces. When two liquids are brought into contact, their particles move less freely, and the mixing process is slower. The cohesive forces within liquids hinder quick and extensive mixing.
What is an atom?
The smallest part of a chemical element that can exist.
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, giving it a net electric charge.
What is a molecule?
Two or more different atoms bonded together.
Explain how it is possible for some samples of air to be homogeneous while others are heterogeneous.
The homogeneity or heterogeneity of a sample of air depends on the composition of it components in a given space. It can be affected by various factors, such the environment from which it is taken.
For a sample of air to be homogenous, its gases must be dispersed uniformly throughout. This is affected by the presence of pollution, sources of emission.
What is a mixture?
2 or more substances that are physically intermingled and not chemically bonded.
