Properties of liquid Flashcards
The three basic states of matter
Solid, Liquid, Gas
have particles with
strong intermolecular
forces such that their
particles are very close to
one another.
Solids
have intermediate
intermolecular forces.
This makes particles
farther from one another
compared to those in
solids.
Liquids
have particles that are
very far apart from one
another due to weak
intermolecular forces.
Gases
is the tendency of a fluid to acquire
the least possible surface area.
Surface Tension
is the attraction between like molecules
Cohesion
is the attraction between unlike
molecules
Adhesion
●is the measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.
● Liquids that flow easily have low viscosity while liquids
that do not flow readily have high viscosity.
● Molecules with stronger intermolecular forces have
greater resistance to flow because it is difficult for the
molecules to move and slide past one another.
Viscosity
Viscosity is also affected by
Temperature
is the process where a fraction of the
kinetic energy of a liquid escapes from the surface to
enter the vapor phase.
Vaporization
also called the
heat of vaporization, is the heat required to induce
this phase change.
enthalpy of vaporization
Vaporization occurs more readily with:
- increased temperature
-increased surface area of the liquid
-decreased strength of intermolecular forces
-is the pressure exerted by a vapor in
equilibrium with its liquid phase in a closed system.
-Molecules with stronger intermolecular forces have
less tendency to escape into gas, and thus, have lower
vapor pressure compared to those with weaker IMFA.
Vapor pressure
-refers to the ability of a substance to
dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature.
-Like dissolves like. When the solute and the solvent both exhibit the same intermolecular forces of
attraction, they form a solution
Solubility
● If two liquids dissolve or mix together, they are called
miscible liquids
If two liquids do not dissolve or mix together, they are called
immiscible liquids
Substances or molecules that form interactions with
water are also described as
hydrophilic.
Substances or molecules that repel water are
described as
hydrophobic.
Molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
regions are known as
amphipathic molecules.
-is the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas.
Boiling point
