Properties of Life/Biological Organization Flashcards
Select the correct order of biological organization.
A. Organelle > Organism > Population > Community > Biosphere
B. Subatomic Particles > Cell > Tissues > Organs > Ecosystem > Biome > Biosphere
C. Cell > Population > Ecosystem > Biome > Biosphere
C. Cell > Population > Ecosystem > Biome > Biosphere
Enumerate each level of organization (starting from the subatomic particles) and state their respective definitions.
Subatomic Particles
proton (p^+) + electron (e^-) + neutron (n^0) = atom
Atom
building block of matter, fundamental unit of an element (ex. O^2, H, Au, etc.)
Molecule
group of arranged atoms
Biomolecules (biological macromolecules/molecules of life)
—-> lipids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
Organelle
organs of the cell
book: membrane enclosed structure
Eukaryotes: membrane enclosed
Prokaryotes: no membrane bounded organelles
??? prokaryotes have no organelles, all have cell wall?
Biological Organization
Cell
fundamental unit of life
Tissue
group of collaborating cells
substructure of an organ
Organ
group of collaborating tissues
Organ System
group of collaborating organs
*EVERY organ system is essential to the body
Organism
individual living thing
unicellular vs multicellular
Population
group of SAME interacting organisms in the same place
Community
group of DIFFERENT interacting populations in the same place
Ecosystem
Community + setting including the abiotic factors (light, water, mountains, soil, etc.)
Biome
large scale biological communities (same plant growth types????)
Biosphere (highest level of organization)
Earth !! (ex. biotic, abiotic - land, water, lower atmosphere, etc.)
What property of life is shown?
Cameleon - Camouflage
Mockingbird - Mimicry
Bears - Hibernate
Adaption (key word: survival)
What property of life is shown?
Means of duplicating one’s self, continuing one’s species.
Reproduction (key word: copy paste, sexual: copy paste dif font (affected by DNA of other organism), asexual: copy paste) NOTE: through reproduction, species continue to exist (thats why experts often put male and female of the same endangered speices together)
What property of life is shown?
The Makahiya plant reaches up to 15-100 cm.
Growth (GRADUAL INCREASE in size, height, weight, etc.)
What property of life is shown?
Dryopithecus
Australopithecus
Evolution (very very MASSIVE changes over a RLLY RLLY RLLLYYY long period of time)
What property of life is shown?
Heat —– Perspire
Cold —– Shiver
Irritability (key word: cause and effect)/Homeostasis
Bonus: Is stimulus single or taken?
Plural
What property of life is shown?
Metamorphasis
Development (key word: significant changes - ability and structure, not THAT of a long period of time compared to evolution) NOTE: hand and hand w growth
What property of life is shown?
The urinary system functions to keep your body’s water level tempered.
Homeostasis (key word: things done for balance, regulation) NOTE: some properties of life can showcase homeostasis as well as irritability
What property of life is shown?
Flower’s lateral symmetry
Order (key word: physical charc. description)
What property of life is shown?
In the small intestine, the nutrients are absorbed and dispersed to the bloodstream.
Metabolism (key word: food)
What property of life is shown?
Cell Division and Binary Fission
Reproduction
What property of life is shown?
In sexual reproduction, the progeny’s characteristics may be similar to those of the parental organisms. The parental organisms pass down genetic information in the form of genes.
Heredity (key word: DNA)
genes = segments of DNA
Bonus: what is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid - genetic material/information of all living things, passed down through reproduction
What property of life is shown?
Grizzly bear —-> Polar Bear
Evolution/Evolutionary Adaption???
What property of life is shown?
feeling thirsty after running
Homeostasis (remember, REGULATION!!, ask yourself “what is being regulated?)
What property of life is shown?
ex. 1 when salt is poured on a worm
ex. 2 touching a hot pot
Irritability (remember, stimuli, ask yourself “what is the direct reaction/effect, what is the stimuli/cause?”)
What property of life is shown?
adjusting the aircon when your hot
Homeostasis (what is being regulated? the temperature of your body)
Growth or development?
puppy — senior dog :(
Growth (growth doesn’t include TOO MUCH change in structure (physical including its abilities), development does)
Bonus: recitation
Define and enumerate the properties of life (notice: “all living things”)
Order/Cellular Organization
all living things follow pattern/symmetry
Metabolism/Energy Processing
consumers vs producers
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
all living things require energy —> transformed to do work/operate
ex. consumers = food –> nutrients —> feed cells —> released: energy
Irritability/Response to Stimulus (singular)
any reaction
all living things’ reaction to stimuli (changes in external/internal environment) varies
Remember: your body tends to adapt and adjust for your benefit
Homeostasis (Regulation)
INTERNAL STABILITY BALANCED while adjusting to external conditions
Growth and Development
G = gradual increase in physical charc, STRUCTURE AND ABILITIES DON’T CHANGE THAT MUCH !!!
D = complete process –> new structures!! and abilities
Adaption
ensure survival, adjust to survive
ex. squirrel - store food
???? Evolutionary Adaption
develop charc. (ex. grizzly --> polar)
Evolution
massive !! changed over a LONGG period of time (physical and genetic structure)
ex. phylogenetic tree
Reproduction
replicate
ex. starfish leg - regenerate, bacteria - binary fission, cell - cell division
sexual (variation of linkages compared to lower forms) vs asexual repro.
Heredity
all living things posses DNA (genetic system is based on DNA)
Eukaryotic cells: found in nucleolus/nucleus??
Prokaryotic cells: found in nucleoid
