properties of gases Flashcards
what are the 5 unique properties of gases?
- gases have an indefinite shape
- gases have low densities
- gases can compress
- gases can expand
- gases mix completely with other gases in the same container
how do gases differ from liquids and solids (2)?
-they are compressible
-pressure, volume, temperature, and amount are related
what is pressure?
the force exerted per unit area
what is the conversion factor for pascals and kilopascal
-1 atm= 1.01325*10^5 Pa
-1 atm= 101.325 kPa
what is the conversion factor for millimeters of mercury?
1 atm= 760 mmHg
what is the conversion factor for torr
1 atm= 760 torr
what is the conversion factor for bar and millibar?
-1 atm= 1.01325
-1 atm=1013.25
what is the conversion factor for pounds per square inch?
1 atm= 15.7 psi
what is the conversion factor for inches of mercury?
1 atm= 29.92 inHg
what is gas pressure?
-result of constantly moving gas molecules striking the inside surface of their container
-the more often the molecules collide with the sides of their container, the higher the pressure
-the higher the temperature, the faster the gas molecules move
what is the relationship between volume and pressure?
-they are inversely proportional
-when volume decreases, the gas molecules collide with the container more often, so pressure increases
-when volume increases, the gas molecules collide with the container less often, so pressure decreases
what si the relationship between temperature and pressure?
-they are directly proportional
-when the temperature decreases, the gas molecules move slower and collide with the container less often, so pressure decreases
when temperature increases, the gas molecules move faster and collide with the container more often, so pressure increases
what is the relationship between pressure and molecules?
-they are directly proportional
-when the number of molecules decreases, there are fewer gas molecules colliding with the sides of the container
-when the number of molecules increases, there are more gas molecules, so pressure increases
what is a barometer?
device for measuring the pressure of the atmosphere
what is boyle’s law?
the volume of a sample of gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure
what is the equation for boyle’s law?
PiVi=PfVf
what is charles’s law?
the volume of a sample of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature in kelvin
what is the equation for charles’s law?
Vi/Ti=Vf/Tf
what is combined gas law?
the volume of a sample of gas at constant pressure is inversely proportional to the pressure and directly proportional to the absolute temperature
what is the equation for combine gas law?
(PiVi)/Ti=(PfVf)/Tf
