Properties and Classification of Matter

Question 1

What do physical properties describe?

Answer 1

Physical appearance and composition of a substance.

Question 2

What do chemical properties describe?

Answer 2

The reactivity of a substance.

Question 3

Boiling point, melting point, malleability, and ductility are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 3

Physical properties

Question 4

Color, state, and crystal formation are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 4

Physical properties

Question 5

Conductivity, solubility, and magnetism are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 5

Physical properties

Question 6

Ability to burn and flash point are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 6

Chemical properties

Question 7

Behavior in air, reaction with water, and reaction to heat are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 7

Chemical properties

Question 8

Reaction with acids and pH are examples of what kinds of properties?

Answer 8

Chemical properties

Question 9

What is a pure substance?

Answer 9

All particles are identical (elements or compounds).

Question 10

What does a mixture describe?

Answer 10

A combination of pure substances

Question 11

What is a mechanical mixture?

Answer 11

A heterogeneous mixture in which the different substances can be separated.

Question 12

What is a suspension?

Answer 12

A mixture in which substances are in different states.

Question 13

What is a colloid?

Answer 13

A mixture in which the substances cannot be easily separated.

Question 14

What is a homogeneous mixture?

Answer 14

A mixture in which components are not visible.

Question 15

Pure substances can be classified in what 2 categories?

Answer 15

Elements and compounds

Question 16

What kinds of mixtures are suspensions and colloids?

Answer 16

Heterogeneous

Question 17

What kinds of mixtures are solutions?

Answer 17

Homogeneous

Question 18

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 18

A process that occurs when substance(s) react to a different substance(s).

Question 19

Conductors, malleable, and ductile are properties of what elements on the periodic table?

Answer 19

Metals

Question 20

Metals are in what state at room temperature?

Answer 20

Solid (except for Hg)

Question 21

What are periods on the periodic table?

Answer 21

Rows (horizontal lines).

Remember: sentences end in a period.

Question 22

What are groups/families on the periodic table?

Answer 22

Columns (vertical lines).

Question 23

What group on the periodic table is very reactive with water?

Answer 23

Group 1: alkali metals

Question 24

What group is reactive, but less so than the alkali metals?

Answer 24

Group 2: alkaline earth metals

Question 25

What group is very un-reactive?

Answer 25

Group 18: Noble gases

Question 26

What group reacts with alkali metals to form salts and is poisonous?

Answer 26

Group 17: Halogens

Question 27

What is the first (lowest) energy level of electrons?

Answer 27

2e-

Question 28

What is the electron capacity of the second and third energy levels?

Answer 28

8e-

Question 29

What does the atomic number indicate?

Answer 29

Number of protons

Question 30

What are isotopes?

Answer 30

Atoms of the same element, but contain a different number of neutrons.

Question 31

What is ionization?

Answer 31

The process of gaining or losing an election to form an ion.

Question 32

What is an ion?

Answer 32

An electrically charged atom.

Question 33

What is a cation?

Answer 33

A positively charged atom, because it lost e-.

Question 34

What is an anion?

Answer 34

A negatively charged atom because it gained e-.

Question 35

What are valence electrons?

Answer 35

Elections in the outer energy level.

Question 36

What is valence?

Answer 36

Tendency to gain/lose electrons.

Question 37

What is the octet rule?

Answer 37

Atoms bond to have 8 electrons in their valence energy level.

Question 38

How do you find the number of neutrons in an element's atom?

Answer 38

Round atomic mass

Question 39

How do you find the number of protons in an element's atom?

Answer 39

Atomic number

Question 40

How do you find the number of electrons in an element's atom?

Answer 40

Equal to protons: atomic number