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Chemistry 10 > Properties and Classification of Matter > Flashcards

Properties and Classification of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What do physical properties describe?

A

Physical appearance and composition of a substance.

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2
Q

What do chemical properties describe?

A

The reactivity of a substance.

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3
Q

Boiling point, melting point, malleability, and ductility are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Physical properties

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4
Q

Color, state, and crystal formation are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Physical properties

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5
Q

Conductivity, solubility, and magnetism are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Physical properties

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6
Q

Ability to burn and flash point are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Chemical properties

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7
Q

Behavior in air, reaction with water, and reaction to heat are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Chemical properties

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8
Q

Reaction with acids and pH are examples of what kinds of properties?

A

Chemical properties

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9
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

All particles are identical (elements or compounds).

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10
Q

What does a mixture describe?

A

A combination of pure substances

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11
Q

What is a mechanical mixture?

A

A heterogeneous mixture in which the different substances can be separated.

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12
Q

What is a suspension?

A

A mixture in which substances are in different states.

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13
Q

What is a colloid?

A

A mixture in which the substances cannot be easily separated.

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14
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

A mixture in which components are not visible.

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15
Q

Pure substances can be classified in what 2 categories?

A

Elements and compounds

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16
Q

What kinds of mixtures are suspensions and colloids?

A

Heterogeneous

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17
Q

What kinds of mixtures are solutions?

A

Homogeneous

18
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

A process that occurs when substance(s) react to a different substance(s).

19
Q

Conductors, malleable, and ductile are properties of what elements on the periodic table?

A

Metals

20
Q

Metals are in what state at room temperature?

A

Solid (except for Hg)

21
Q

What are periods on the periodic table?

A

Rows (horizontal lines).

Remember: sentences end in a period.

22
Q

What are groups/families on the periodic table?

A

Columns (vertical lines).

23
Q

What group on the periodic table is very reactive with water?

A

Group 1: alkali metals

24
Q

What group is reactive, but less so than the alkali metals?

A

Group 2: alkaline earth metals

25
Q

What group is very un-reactive?

A

Group 18: Noble gases

26
Q

What group reacts with alkali metals to form salts and is poisonous?

A

Group 17: Halogens

27
Q

What is the first (lowest) energy level of electrons?

A

2e-

28
Q

What is the electron capacity of the second and third energy levels?

A

8e-

29
Q

What does the atomic number indicate?

A

Number of protons

30
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms of the same element, but contain a different number of neutrons.

31
Q

What is ionization?

A

The process of gaining or losing an election to form an ion.

32
Q

What is an ion?

A

An electrically charged atom.

33
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged atom, because it lost e-.

34
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged atom because it gained e-.

35
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

Elections in the outer energy level.

36
Q

What is valence?

A

Tendency to gain/lose electrons.

37
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

Atoms bond to have 8 electrons in their valence energy level.

38
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons in an element’s atom?

A

Round atomic mass

39
Q

How do you find the number of protons in an element’s atom?

A

Atomic number

40
Q

How do you find the number of electrons in an element’s atom?

A

Equal to protons: atomic number

Chemistry 10 (6 decks)

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