properties Flashcards
what are the two types of material properties?
mechanical and physical
what is a mechanical property?
they are associated with how a material reacts to an external force
what is a physical property?
they are associated with the actual structure of the material
name all the mechanical properties(10)
compressive strength
tensile strength
bending strength
shear strength
torsional strength
hardness
toughness
plasticity
ductility
malleability
define compressive strength
ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces
define tensile strength
ability to resist stretching or pulling forces
define bending strength
the ability to resist forces that may bend the material
define shear strength
can resist sliding forces on a parallel plane
define torsional strength
ability to withstand twisting forces from torque/torsion
define hardness
ability to resist abrasive wear eg scratching/ cutting
define toughness
the ability to absorb impact force without fracture
define plasticity
ability to be permanently deformed and retain the deformed shape
define ductility
the ability to be drawn out under tension,reducing the cross sectional area without cracking
define malleability
the ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking. malleability increases with rise in temperature
name the types of physical properties(3)
electrical:
conductor
insulator
thermal:
conductor
insulator
expansion
optical:
opaque
translucent
transparent
define thermal expansion
increase in material volume in response to heat
what is the difference between translucent and transparent?
translucent: allows light through but diffuses it so it appeared blurred
transparent: allows light to pass through easily
define elasticity
ability to be deformed and then return to original shape when force is removed
define density
the mass of the material in a standard volume of space
define fusibility
the ability of the material to be fused or converted from a solid to a liquid or molten state usually by heat
define corrosion/degradation resistance
ability of the material to withstand environmental attack and decay
define magnetism
natural force between objects that cause material to attract iron or steel
