Pronunciation Rules Cumulative

Question 1

Pronunciation Rule

1. Syllable - Final Closure (Unreleased)

ex.

T34 (4-1)

Answer 1

Final consonant of syllable is voiceless, not released. One of three sounds: ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ.

T34 (4-1)

Question 2

Pronunciation Rule

2. Resyllabification

T34 (4-2)

Answer 2

IF next syllable begins with a vowel, the final consonant from the previous syllable is carried over.

T34 (4-2)

Question 3

Pronunciation Rule

3. Tensification

T35 (4-3)

Answer 3

IF next syllable begins with a consonant (not ㅇ) AND the final consonant of previous syllable is pronounced with representative final [ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ] the next syllable’s first consonant is tensified with it’s corresponding tensed sound [ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ]

T35 (4-3)

Question 4

Pronunciation Rule

4. Nasal Assimilation

T36 (4-4)

Answer 4

Plosive [ㅂ] and fricative [ㄷ] final consonants become a corresponding nasal consonant from the same sound organ/position when the following syllable begins with a nasal sound such as ㄴ or ㅁ.

T36 (4-4)

Question 5

Pronunciation Rule

5. Double Consonant Reduction

T36 (4-5)

Answer 5

IF the final consonant is double, the first of the two is pronounced, the second is silent or carried over (see 2. resyllabification)

UNLESS ㄹㄱ, where ㄹ is silent and ㄱ is pronounced IF the following syllable begins with a consonant.

T36 (4-5)

Question 6

RULE 1: Which consonants are represented with a final closure of ㄱ?

Answer 6

ㄱ is representative for ㄱ, ㅋ and ㄲ

Question 7

RULE 1: Which consonants are represented with a final closure of ㅂ?

Answer 7

ㅂ is representative for ㅂ, ㅍ and ㅃ

Question 8

RULE 1: Which consonants are represented with a final closure of ㄷ?

Answer 8

ㄷ is representative for ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ, ㄸ, ㅆ, ㅉ

Question 9

RULE 4: Which consonants correspond with nasal ㅇ?

Answer 9

ㅇ is the nasal match for ㄱ, ㅌ and ㄲ

Question 10

RULE 4: Which consonants correspond with nasal ㄴ?

Answer 10

ㄴ is the nasal match for ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ, ㄸ, ㅆ, ㅉ

Question 11

RULE 4: Which consonants correspond with nasal ㅁ?

Answer 11

ㅁ is the nasal match for ㅂ, ㅍ and ㅃ

Question 12

[RULE 4: What is the exception to double consonant reduction?

T36 (4-5)

Answer 12

The first final is pronounced and second is silent/resyllabified UNLESS the double is ㄹㄱ, where ㄹ is silent and ㄱ is pronounced…

1) IF the following syllable begins with a consonant.
2) If the following syllable begins zero sound ㅇ double final reduction applies.

T36 (4-5)

Question 13

Pronunciation Rule 6: Weakening ㅎ

T70

Answer 13

Weakening ㅎ

ㅎ tends to become silent between two voiced sounds incl. vowels, nasals or ㄹ

삼학년 –>

4. nasal 삼항년 –>
5. ㅎ weakening 삼앙년 –>
6. resyb. 사망년

T70

Question 14

Pronunciation Rule 7. - Aspiration of ㅎ

T126

Answer 14

Aspiriation of ㅎ

When ㅎ meets plain plosive consonants (ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅈ) they become their corresponding aspirated consonants (ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅊ)

백화점 –> 배콰점

T126

Question 15

Pronunciation Rule 8 - Palatalization

T127

Answer 15

Palatalization:

The ㄷ or ㅌ sound is palatalized when it comes together with the vowel 이 or semi vowel [y] 여

ㄷ + ㅣ/ㅕ = ㅈ i.e. 굳이 –> 구지

ㅌ + ㅣ/ㅕ = ㅊ i.e. 같이 –> 가치

T127