Pronouns - Malay to English Flashcards

1
Q

Saya

A

I. First person pronoun. Used when talking to friends, new people or formal settings.

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2
Q

Aku

A

I. First person pronoun when talking with close friends or praying to God.

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3
Q

Hambar

A

I. First person pronoun used in ancient times

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4
Q

Patik

A

I. Used when addressing the King or Sultan.

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5
Q

Beta

A

I. Used by the King or sultan

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6
Q

Kami

A

We/Us/Our. Excludes some people in the group.

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7
Q

Kita

A

We/All of us/Our. Includes all people in the group.

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8
Q

Daku

A

I. First person pronoun used in songs or poems.

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9
Q

Encik

A

Second person pronoun. Mr. When addressing a male of similar status to you.

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10
Q

Cik

A

Second person pronoun. Miss. When politely addressing a young woman.

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11
Q

Puan

A

Second person pronoun. Maám. When addressing a married woman or woman of higher social status.

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12
Q

Tuan

A

Second person pronoun. Sir. When addressing someone of higher standing that you.

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13
Q

Pak Cik

A

Second person pronoun. You-Uncle. When addressing a man that is significantly older than you, regardless of social status. Less formal. Like adressing your friends father.

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14
Q

Mak Cik

A

Second person pronoun. You-Auntie. When addressing a man that is significantly older than you, regardless of social status. Less formal. Like adressing your friends mother.

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15
Q

Anda

A

Second person pronoun. Arabic word for you. Restricted to formal Malay (media, offical address). Used as a catch-all when adressing multiple people of different ages/status/genders.

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16
Q

Engkau/Kau

A

Second person pronoun. When addressing close freinds or God.

17
Q

Kamu

A

Second person pronoun. For addressing friends, same social standing, kids, students.

18
Q

Awak

A

Second person pronoun. When addressing friends or subordinates. Used by military to give a dressing down.

19
Q

Saudara

A

Second person pronoun. Used on TV or adressing a male stranger. Uncommon

20
Q

Saudari

A

Second person pronoun. Used on TV or adressing a female stranger. Uncommon.

21
Q

Abang

A

Second person pronoun. You-elder brother. Shortened to ‘Bang’. Used for husband, older brother or for man that is slightly older (10-20 years).

22
Q

Kakak

A

Second person pronoun. You-elder sister. Shortened to ‘Kak’. Used for older sister or for middle aged married woman.

23
Q

Adik lelaki

A

Second person pronoun. Young male. Younger brother.

24
Q

Adik perempuan

A

Second person pronoun. Young female. Younger sister.

25
Q

Dia

A

He/She. Third person pronoun. For talking about a human. For normal person. No title.

26
Q

Ia

A

He/She. Third person pronoun. For talking about a human. For normal person. No title. Alternate word.

27
Q

Beliau

A

He/She. Third person pronoun. Someone of higher rank or previously of higher rank (retired), or have achieved something you are proud or in awe of.

28
Q

Baginda

A

He/She. Third person pronoun. When talking about the King.

29
Q

Beta

A

King talking about a fellow royal member. Third person pronoun.

30
Q

Mereka

A

They. Plural of Dia. Third person pronoun.

31
Q

⌐Nya

A

Used after dia. As a suffix to a word. Used to prevent constantly using dia during a written piece about someone.

32
Q

Haji

A

Pronoun for a man that has completed a pilgrimage to Mecca

33
Q

Hajjah

A

Pronoun for a woman tht has completed a pilgrimage to Mecca

34
Q

Datuk/Dato’

A

Honourary title bestowed on a man by the King or Sultan. Replaces other pronouns. Wife becomes Datin.

35
Q

Datin

A

Honourary title bestowed on a woman by the King or Sultan. Replaces other pronouns. Husband retains his usual title, like Encik.

36
Q

Tan Sri / Tun

A

More honourary titles.

37
Q

Yang Berhormat (YB)/ Yang Amat Berhormat (YAB)

A

Polite way of referring to someone who has an important title. Sort of like saying “the honourable”

38
Q

Sayang/Yang

A

Affectionate pet name used for wife. Like honey or sweetie.