Pronouns Flashcards by Brian Johnson

Personal Pronouns
Subject and Object
“I gave him the cake”

I. / Me

You / You

He. / Him
She / Her
They / Them

We. / Us

Personal Pronouns
Subject and Object
“Eu dei-lhe o bolo.” (Dar Past)

I = Eu. / Me = Me or Mi

You = Tu. / You = Te or Ti
You = Você. / You = Lhe or si
You (P) = Vocês / You = Lhes

He = Ele. / Him = Lhe or si
She = Ela. / Her = Lhe or si
They (M) = Eles / Them = Lhes
They (F) = Elas / Them = Lhes

We = Nós. / Us = Nos

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

I
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

Eu, me (or mi), comigo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

I
Possessive Pronoun:
My
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Eu: My
o meu, a minha
os meus, as minhas

With article (o, a, os, as, os):
My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article:
Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (informal)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

tu, te (or ti), contigo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (informal)
Possessive Pronoun:
Your
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Tu: Your
o teu, a tua
os teus, as tuas

With article (o, a, os, as, os):
My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article:
Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (formal)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

você, lhe (or si), consigo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (very form.)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

o senhor, lhe (or si), consigo

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (plural)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

You (plural) - Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

vocês, lhes, con vocês

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

You (plural)
Possessive Pronoun: Your
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Vocês: Your
o vosso, a vossa
os vossos, as vossas

With article (o, a, os, as, os):
My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article:
Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

He
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

ele, lhe (or si), com ele

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

She
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

ela, lhe (or si), com ela

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

He/She/You formal
Possessive Pronoun:
His or Her
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Ele/Ela/Você:
His, Her, Your
o seu (ele: dele), a sua (ela: dela)
os seus, as suas

With article (o, a, os, as, os): My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article: Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

They (M)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

eles, lhes, com eles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

They (F)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

elas, lhes, com elas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

They(M), They(F)
Possessive Pronoun:
Their
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Eles/Elas: Their
o seu (eles: deles), a sua (elas: delas)
os seus, as suas

With article (o, a, os, as, os): My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article: Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

We
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

nós, nos, connosco

They very formal)
Personal Pronoun:
Subject, Object, “With” +

os senhores, lhes, convosco

We
Possessive Pronoun:
Our
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Nós: Our
o nosso, a nossa
os nossos, as nossas

With article (o, a, os, as): My, Your, His, Their, Our

Without article: Mine, Yours, His, Theirs, Ours

Pronouns: Indefinite InVariable

- People: Someone, No one
- Things: Everything, Nothing
- People & Things: Each

Pronomes Indefinidos InVariáveis

- Pessoas: Alguém, Ninguém
- Coisas: Tudo, Nada
- Pessoas & Coisas: Cada

Pronouns:
Indefinite Variable

None:
Ms, Fs,
Mp, Fp

Pronomes
Indefinidos Variáveis

None:
nenhum, nunhuma
nenhuns, nenhumas

Pronouns:
Indefinite Variable

Some:
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Pronomes
Indefinidos Variáveis

Some:
algum, alguma
alguns, algumas

Pronouns:
Indefinite Variable

A Lot:
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Pronomes:
Indefinidos Variáveis

A Lot:
muito, muita
muitos, muitas

Pronouns:
Indefinite Variable

A Little:
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Pronomes
Indefinidos Variáveis

A Little:
pouco, pouca
poucos, poucas

Pronouns:
Indefinite Variable

All:
Ms, Fs
Mp, Fp

Pronomes
Indefinidos Variáveis

All:
todo, toda
todos, todas

**Pronouns: Indefinite Variable** **Other:** Ms, Fs Mp, Fp

**Pronomes Indefinidos Variáveis** **Other:** outro, outra outros, outras

**Pronouns: Demonstrative Variable** - This (is here) - That (is there) - That (is over there) **This or That - NOT followed by noun**

**Pronomes Demonstrativos Variáveis** - Isto (está aqui) - Isso (está aí) - Aquilo (está ali) **Note: Isto, Isso, Aquilo NOT followed by noun**

**Pronouns: Demonstrative Variable: Followed by Noun** - This pen (here): Ms, Fs, Mp, Fp - That pen (there): Ms, Fs, Mp, Fp - That pen (over there): Ms, Fs, Mp, Fp **This or That - Followed by noun**

**Pronomes Demonstrativos Variáveis** - This (aqui): Este, Esta, Estes, Estas - caneta(s) - That (aí): Esse, Essa, Esses, Essas - caneta(s) - That (ali): Aquele, Aquela, Aqueles, Aquelas - caneta(s) **Note: Este, Esse, Aquele all followed by nouns**

**Pronouns Interrogative** - What? - Where? - When? - Why? - How much? - How many? - Which? Ms, Fs, Mp, Fp - Whose? Ms, Fs, Mp, Fp

**Pronomes Interrogativos** What: O que? (o que é que? - no inversion required) Where: Onde? When: Quando? Why: Porquê? How much: Quanto? How many: Quantos? Which: o Qual, a Qual, os Quais, as Quais (~preceded by preposition) Whose: o Cujo, a Cuja, os Cujos, as Cujas (or de quem)

**Pronouns: Relative** Refer to things, people, or places that appear before in the sentence - People or Things - People - Places

**Pronouns: Relative** Refer to things, people, or places that appear before in the sentence - Pessoas ou Coisas: Que - Pessoas: Quem (always with a preposition: com quem, a quem) - Lugares: Onde "A casa **que** comprámos é muito bonita."

**Direct and Indirect Compliment**

**Direct and Indirect Compliment** **Direct** **Indirect** Me Me Te Te O/A Lhe Nos Nos Vos Vos Os/As Lhes

**Reflexive Pronoun Position**

**Reflexive Pronoun Position** **After:** Verb is in the past participle (ado, ido, ido) "Nos temo-vos enviado muitas notícias." **Before:** Word obliges the inversion já, ainda, só, não, nunca, que, também, etc. ""

**Pronoun Contraction**

**Pronoun Contraction** Contract Either the direct, or indirect, OR Both: 1) Contract the indirect compliment, then 2) Direct compliment "A vendedora entregou o chapeu ao client." "A vendedora entregou lhe ao client." "A vendedora entregou lho."