Pronouns Flashcards
What are pronouns? Why are pronouns used?
I, she, he, us, them, your, mine, those
To save repeating a pronoun
What can personal pronouns be
Subject of a verb- I, we, you, he, she, they
Direct object of a verb- me, us, you, him, her, them
Indirect object of a verb- (to/for) me, (to/for) us, (to/for) you, (to/for) him, (to/for) her, (to/for) them,
Where do the object pronouns go
Usually before the verb
E.g s’il vous plaît (if it pleases you)
Subject pronouns
Je, j’ - i
Tu- you
Il - he, it
Elle- she, it
On- one, we, you, they
Nous - we
Vous - you
Ils - they
Elles they
Where is the car? It is here
Où est la voiture? Elle est ici
(La voiture)
It’s raining
Il pleut
(Impersonal)
Your shoes are lovely, they’re lovely
Tes chaussures sont jolies. Elles sont jolies
When the subject of the verb is no one in particular what do we use?
On
It can mean -we, you, they or one
You can’t park here
On ne peut pas stationner ici
English is spoken here/ here we speak English
Ici on parle anglais
How do you say that in French
Comment dit on ça en anglais
You never know
On ne sait jamais
They say it’s a good film
On dit que c’est un on film
We just came back
On vient de rentrer
Where shall we go this evening
Où est ce qu’on va ce soir
Shall we meet this evening
On se rencontre ce soir
Where can we leave our luggage
Où est ce qu’on peut laisser nos bagages
We’d like to let our house
On voudrait louer notre maison
We’re ready
On est prêts (m, m:f)
On est prêtes (f)
We arrived yday
On est arrivés hier / on est arrivées hier
Object pronouns
Me, us, you, him, her, it, them
Can be;
Direct object of a verb- eg Anne knows (me) the children saw (him)
Indirect object of a verb - Anne writes (to me) I’ve made a cake (for them)
Anne knows me /us
Anne writes to me/us
Anne me/nous connaît
Anne m’/nous écrit
Me, to/for me
You, to/for you
Us, to/for us
You, for you (pl)
Me, m’
Te, t’
Nous
Vous
No distinction between these 4 direct and indirect object pronouns
Him, it (m) - to/for him
Her, it (f) - to/for her
Them (m&f) - to/for them (m&f)
Le, l’ —lui
La, l’ —lui
Les —leur
Anne knows him/her
Anne le/la connaît
Anne writes to him/her
Anne lui écrit
I’ve invited them
Je les ai invité (e) s
I’ve made cake for them
Je leur ai fait un gâteau
I love you
Je t’aime
We adore him, her, it
Nous l’adorons
I gave him some money
Je lui ai donné de l’argent
I bought an ice-cream for her/ I bought her an ice-cream
Je lui ai acheté une glace
I’m going to send them the photos /I’m going to send the photos to them
Je vais leur envoyer les photos
What verbs have an indirect object in french
Convenir -to suit
Demander- to ask
Faire confiance- to trust
Plaire- to please
Ressembler- to resemble
Dire- to say, tell
Faire mal - to hurt
Obéir- to obey
Resister- to resist
Téléphoner- to phone
To suit
Convenir
(Needs indirect object)
To ask
Demander
(Needs indirect object)
To trust
Faire confiance
(Needs indirect object)
To please
Plaire (Needs indirect object)
To resemble
Ressembler (Needs indirect object)
To say, tell
Dire (Needs indirect object)
To hurt
Faire mal (Needs indirect object)
To obey
Obéir (Needs indirect object)
To resist
Resister (Needs indirect object)
To phone
Téléphoner (Needs indirect object)
When do we use - à
When a verb has an indirect object, we use á before the noun
I don’t want to phone my mum
Je ne veux pas téléphoner à ma mère
I don’t want to phone her
Je ne veux pas lui téléphoner
Are you going to ask your teacher??
Tu vas demander à tes professeurs
Are you going to ask them?
Tu vas leur demander
What verbs have a direct object
Attendre -to wait for
Demander- to ask for
Payer- to pay for
Chercher- to look for
Écouter - to listen to
Regarder- to look at
I like to listen to Bizet’s music
Jaime écouter la musique de bizet
We’re waiting for the bus
On attend l’autobus
We’re waiting for it
On l’attend
Y
Pronoun - there/ here
Comes before the verb
Do you live in Paris? Yes I’ve been living there/ here for ten years
Vous habitez à paris? Oui, j’y habite depuis dix ans
Do you know Scotland? Yes I went there last year?
Vous connaissez l’Ecosse?
Oui j’y suis allé l’année dernière
We have a good time at her house. Yes that’s true we have a very good time there
On s’amuse bien chez elle. Oui c’est vrai, on s’y amuse tres bien
What verbs do we use Y with?
Verbs followed by á
Répondre à- to reply to
Penser à - to think about
When you’re talking about something rather than someone. You can’t leave it out in French
Have you replied to his letter? Yes I replied to it yesterday
Tu as répondu à sa lettre
Oui j’y ai répondu hier
Her thinks about it all the time
Il y pense tout le temps
When is y used with aller
It is used after aller when no specific place is referred to
On y va? Shall we go
Allons - y? Let’s go
Vas y - go ahead
That’s it!
Ça y est!
Here we are
Nous y voilà/ on y est
Including
Y compris
The uk including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man
La royaume uni, y compris les îles Anglo normandes et l’île de man
We’ll have to give it some thought
Il faut y réfléchir
When do we use -en?
Pronoun that replaces nouns accompanied by- du, de la, de l’ and des
Comes before the verb
En
It/them, with it/ them
When used with adjectives followed by de
Eg avoir besoin de - to need
Se souvenir de -to remember
Ravi de- delighted with
I don’t need it/ them
Je n’en ai pas besoin
Do you remember (it)?
Tu t’en souviens
I’m fed up (with it)
J’en ai marre
I’m sure, Certain (of it)
J’en suis sûr/certain
She’s proud of it
Elle en est fière
They’re not capable of it
Ils n’en sont pas capables
We’re delighted (with it/them)
Nous en sommes ravis
She’s proud of him
Elle est fière de lui
I remember him
Je me souviens de lui
What does -en mean in phrases of quantity
Of it, of them
How much/ many (of it/them) do you want?
Vous en voulez combien
I’ll take two kilos of them
J’en prends deux kilos
Children? I’ve got three
Des enfants? J’en ai trois
How many banks are there in this town? There are a lot
Il y a combien de banques dans cette ville? Il y en a beaucoup
And how many cinemas? (There’s) one
Et combien de cinémas? Il y en a un
More wine? No thank you I’ve had enough
Encore du vin? Non merci j’en ai eu assez
Had your husband come back from the US? Yes he came back (from there) last night
Votre mari est rentré des États Unis? Oui il en est rentré hier soir
Have you been to work? Yes I’ve just come back from there?
Vous êtes allé au travail? Oui j’en viens
I’ve got some /I haven’t got any
J’en ai / je n’en ai pas
Do you want some
Tu en veux
Would you like to have some?
Tu voudrais en avoir
Go away
Va- t-en /allez vous -en
I’m going /im off
Je m’en vais
Don’t worry
Ne t’en fais pas/ ne vous en faites pas
Do you understand me?
Vous me comprenez
I believe you
Je te crois
I’m going there tomorrow
J’y vais demain
I don’t know them
Je ne les connais pas
What happens to the object pronoun when there are 2 verbs
It comes before the verb it belongs to
I’m going to phone him tomorrow
Je vais lui téléphoner demain
(Phone him, not go him)
You can write to me
Tu peux m’écrire
I want to spend two days there
Je veux y passer deux jours
I’ll transfer you to her now
Je vous la passe maintenant
I’ll send it to him, her tomorrow
Je vais le lui envoyer demain
I gave them some there
Je leur y en ai donné
I asked him/her to do it immediately
Je lui ai demandé de la faire tout de suite
He succeeded in seeing them
Il a réussi à les voir
Don’t give them to me
Ne me les donnez pas
Don’t send it to her (f)
Ne la lui envoyez pas
What happens to object pronouns when asking someone to do something
They come after the verb and are joined with a hyphen
Take it
Prends-le
Bring it to them
Apportez-le-leur
Leave us in peace
Laissez-nous en paix
Give them to me
Donnez-les-moi
Give me some (inf)
Donnez-en-moi
Where do object pronouns go in the past tense?
Before auxiliary vend avoir/être
For verbs taking avoir- past participle has to agree with noun represented by pronoun
There is no agreement needed within indirect pronouns or with en or y
Where’s the car? I’ve left it in the car park near the cathedral
Où est la voiture? Je l’ai laissée sur le parking près de la cathedral
The tickets! He’s forgotten them
Les billets! Il les a oubliés
The letters?! I’ve posted them
Les lettres? Je les ai mises à la poste
We’ve been invited to a party
On nous a invités à une soirée
They phoned us yesterday
On nous a téléphoné hier
No agreement with indirect object pronouns
Have you written, did you write to them?
Vous leur avez écrit?
Myself, yourself, himself/herself
Je me (m’), tu te (t’), il/elle se (s’)
Ourselves, yourselves, themselves
Nous nous, vous vous, ils/elles se (s’)
She’s putting on (her) makeup
Elle se maquille
We had a good time
Nous nous sommes biens amusés