Promoting health, lifestyle change, and health inequalities Flashcards
What does deprivation affect
-life expectancy
-infant mortality
What are health outcomes by deprivation
-years in good health
-experience of disability
-experience of disease (cancer/CV)
What are concepts to understand the relationship between SES and health outcomes
-allostatic load
-life course perspective and cumulative inequality
-vicious cycle between economic position and poor health
what is allostatic load
measure of long term wear and tear on the body e.g. atherosclerosis
What are the causes of health disparities
-money and access to material resources
-stress and economic position
-health behaviours and economic position (e.g. tobacco use)
-neighbourhood effect of health
What are the different neighbourhood effects of health
-environmental impact (deprived neighbourhoods)
-build environment
-neighbourhood disorder
What are individual level health promotion techniques
-CBT
-motivational interviewing
-stages of changes
What are the levels of health prevention
-primary (e.g. vaccination/stopping smoking)
-secondary (screening)
-tertiary (slow progress after diagnosed)
-primordial
What is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
Core beliefs, dysfunctional assumptions, and
negative automatic thoughts
e.g smoking cessation
What is motivational interviewing
-Collaboration, evocation, autonomy
- OARS: open questions, affirmations, reflective
listening, summary reflections
-Motivational interviewing for smoking cessation
What are the stages of change by Prochaska and Di Clemente
-precontemplation (not thinking about change)
-contemplation (recognising the problem)
-preparation
-action
-maintenance
relapse
What is the concept of biopower
How the government manages, fosters, and controls the physical health of citizens and the population as a whole
-From the work of Michel Foucault
What is Tannahill’s health promotion model
-Health prevention
-Positive health education
-Health protection
What are nudges
Derived from behavioural psychology
-Soft-paternalism
-Choice architecture E.g. Where elevators and stairs are located in public buildings
