Prologue Flashcards
Psychology
Scientific study of behavior and mental process
Wilhem Wundt
Father of psychology
Titchener and Structuralism
Titchener introduced structuralism, which is an early study of psychology that used introspection to explore the structure of the human mind
Introspection
Looking inward and self reflection, Wave 1
Psychodynamic/ Psychoanalytic
Past experiences, Dreams, Unconscious, Created by Sigmund Freud
William James and functionalism
A school of psychology that focuses on mental and behavior process function
Mary Whiton Calkins and Margaret Floy Washburn
Calkins was a distinguished memory researcher and American psychological associations president
Nature Vs. Nurture
Nature: Born
Nurture: How you were raised, Learned
Humanistic
Self Actualization, Social Hierarchy of needs
Pychoanalytic/Psychodynamic
Past, Childhood, Unconscious, Sigmund Freud
Biopsychology Perspective
Considers biological psychological and socio-cultural approach
Evolutionary Perspective
from generation to generation (Evolved 6 Finger)
Behavioral Perspective
Learned behaviors
Cognitive Perspective
How we process, store, retrieve, store info
Socio-Cultural Perspective
How behavioral and thinking is transmitted through social and cultural environments
Wave One
Introspection
Who was the father of psychology?
William Wundt
When was the first psychology lab created and by who?
1879
Who introduced structuralism?
Edward Tichener, William Wundts student
Structuralism
Looked at the structure of humans mind
Who was the first american psychologist?
William James
Who was William James and what did he do?
William James was the first american psychologist. He wrote the first textbook, gave the first lecture. He followed introspection to see the functions of the mind.
James studied what?
Function of the brain
Wundt studied what?
Structure of the brain
What was Wave two?
Gestalt Psychology
What does Gesalt mean and what wave was it?
Gestalt means whole. It was known as the second wave.
What was wave three?
Psychoanalysis/Psychodynamic
Who created Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
What did Freud believe?
Past childhood traumatic events and unconscious and subconscious thoughts caused us to be the way we are
Who believe unconscious thoughts controlled who we are?
Sigmund Freud
What was wave four?
Behaviorism
Do behaviorists believe in mental processes?
No. They believe in modifying behavior only.
Whats exposure therapy?
Being introduced to a fear at different exposures in order to get over the fear. Example: Exposure to roller coasters would be fixed by going on baby coasters first but then working your way up to big roller coasters in order to get over the fear.
What approach doesn’t focus on mental processes?
Behavioral approach, known as wave four
Whats classical conditioning?
Reward and reinforcers to modify behavior
Little Albert
Exposure experiment. Albert was exposed to little white furry objects from hearing a loud noise every time he touched a mouse.
Who agreed with using reinforcers?
Skinner
What current wave are we in?
5-Ecentric
goal of behaviorism?
modify behavior
Cognitive
Thinking, Processing, Storing Information
Industrial Organizational Psychology
Studies relationships between people and their work environment.
Educational Psychology
Study of the learning process
Social Psychology
Interested in interactions with others
Study of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
Refers to any action that we can observe and record
Behavior
Refers to the internal subjective experiences we infer from behavior
Mental Processes
Is introspection reliable?
No
First female president of the American Psychological Association was..
Mary Calkins
First women who received a Ph.D in psychology was..
Margaret Washburn
