Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cell Structure Flashcards
1
Q
actin filaments
A
- major component of the cytoskeleton
- serve as a central part of the machinery responsible for muscle contraction
2
Q
microtubules
A
- major component of the cytoskeleton
- help pull the duplicated chromosomes apart and distribute them equally to the two daughter cells
3
Q
intermediate filaments
A
- major component of the cytoskeleton
- serve to strengthen most animal cells
4
Q
cytoskeleton
A
- governs the internal organization of the cell
- governs external features
5
Q
chromosome
A
- a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells
- carrying genetic information in the form of genes
6
Q
endocytosis
A
- portions of plasma membrane tuck inward and pinch off to form vesicles that carry material captured from the external medium into the cell
7
Q
protozoans
A
- a class of free-living, motile, unicellular organisms
8
Q
model organism
A
- an organism suitable for studying a specific trait, disease, etc. due to its short generation time, characterized genome, or similarity to humans
9
Q
plasma membrane
A
- a sharply defined boundary that indicates the presence of an enclosing membrane
10
Q
cytoplasm
A
- a transparent substance crammed with what seems at first to be a jumble of miscellaneous objects
11
Q
exocytosis
A
- vesicles from inside the cell fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents into the external medium
12
Q
nuclear envelope organelle
A
- a double membrane composed of an outer and an inner phospholipid bilayer
13
Q
cell wall
A
- lies outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria
14
Q
extracellular matrix
A
- a dense material often made of protein fibers embedded in a gel of long sugar chains
15
Q
photosynthesis
A
- cells using energy from sunlight to produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide
