Prokaryotic cells and viruses

Question 1

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Single celled organisms
Small and simple

Question 2

List the organelles of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Flagellum
Circular DNA
Plasmids
Slime capsule
Cell wall
Plasma membrane

Question 3

Describe the flagellum

Answer 3

Long, hair like structures that rotate to make the cell move

Question 4

Describe the slime capsule

Answer 4

Protect bacteria from attack by cells of the immune system

Question 5

Describe plasmids

Answer 5

Small loops of DNA that contain genes for antibiotic resistance

Question 6

What are viruses?

Answer 6

Nucleic acids surrounded by a protein
They invade and reproduce inside the cells of other organisms

Question 7

Name the organelles of a virus

Answer 7

Core of genetic material
Capsid
Attachment proteins

Question 8

What is binary fission?

Answer 8

When cells replicate their genetic material before splitting into 2 daughter cells

Question 9

Explain the process of binary fission?

Answer 9

1. Circular DNA and plasmids replicate
2. Cells get bigger and DNA loops move to opposite poles
3. Cytoplasm begins to divide and new cell walls begin to form
4. Cytoplasm divides to from 2 daughter cells that each contain 1 circular DNA and a variable number of plasmids