Prokaryotic Cells Flashcards
What are prokaryotes?
Single-celled organisms, much smaller than eukaryotic cells and do not contain a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
Structure of the cell wall?
Made of peptidoglycan.
Structure of ribosomes?
70S ribosomes, which are smaller than the 80S ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells.
Structure of genetic material?
Found in a free, large circular strand of DNA and some extra genes (like those for antibiotics resistance) are found in smaller loops called plasmids.
What is the structure of the capsule?
An extra layer around the cell wall made up of polysaccharides.
What is the function of the capsule?
Protects the cells from attack by antibiotics or white blood cells.
What is the structure of the flagellum?
Long, hair-like structure attached to the cell membrane.
What is the function of the flagellum?
Rotates to push the cell through its environment.
What is the structure of pili?
Short, hair-like structures on the cell surface
What is the function of pili?
Attaching prokaryotic cells to other cells or surfaces.
