Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

Name 5 key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells,

and 3 MAY contain differences.

Answer 1

Prokaryotes are:
-much smaller
- no membrane bound organelles
- smaller ribosomes
- no nucleus
-cell wall: murein (a glycoprotein)

MAY CONTAIN:
-flagella
-capsule
-plasmids

Question 2

What is prokaryotic cell wall made of? (bacterial)

Answer 2

murein

Question 3

What type of ribosomes are found in prokaryotic cells?

(hint: also found in mitochondria and chloroplasts)

Answer 3

70S ribosome

Question 4

What do prokaryotes have INSTEAD of a nucleus?

Answer 4

• Single CIRCULAR DNA molecule free in the cytoplasm; not protein bound

(NO histone attached like in eukaryotes)

Question 5

What are Plasmids?

Answer 5

-Small loops of DNA
- carries survival genes, such as for antibiotic restis

Question 6

What is the capsule?

Answer 6

A slimy layer made of protein

• Prevents bacteria from desiccating (drying out)
• Protects against host’s immune system

Question 7

Flagella

Answer 7

Rotates to enable bacteria to move

Question 8

What are viruses considered as?

Answer 8

Viruses are acellular and non-living.

Question 9

Describe the structure of a virus.

Answer 9

The structure of virus particle include genetic material, capsid and attachment protein.