Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

What do cells require to survive?

Answer 1

Energy (light or chemical)
Matter (Carbon dioxide and oxygen)
Nutrients (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides)
Amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, nucleic acids, ions and water
Removal of wastes (carbon dioxide, oxygen, urea, ammonia, uric acid, water, ions and metabolic heat

Question 2

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell similarities

Answer 2

Both are cells
Both are enclosed by a membrane
Both have cytoplasm
Both have DNA/RNA

Question 3

Why do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have so many similarities?

Answer 3

The theory of endosymbiosis suggests that prokaryotic cells evolved from eukaryotic cells that engulfed each other and worked in symbiosis.

Question 4

How are prokaryotic cells different to eukaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, do not have a nucleus, are smaller than eukaryotic cells, usually only have a single circular chromosome and exist as single cells.

Question 5

What are the eukaryotic cell’s specialised organelles and their biochemical process?

Answer 5

Chloroplasts- photosynthesis
Mitochondria- cellular respiration
rough endoplasmic reticulum- synthesis of complex molecules and proteins
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids and steroids
Plastids- synthesis of pigments, tannins and polyphenols
Lysosomes- removal of waste

Question 6

What is the formula for magnification?

Answer 6

Magnification=Image size/Actual Size

M=I/A

Question 7

What is the formula for field of view

Answer 7

FOV=Field number/Objective Magnification