Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Question 1

Difference 1

Answer 1

Prokaryotes are always single celled organisms

Question 2

Difference 2

Answer 2

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus or any membrane bound organelles

Question 2

Difference 5

Answer 2

Prokaryotes have cell walls

Question 2

Difference 3

Answer 2

Prokaryotes produce via binary division

Question 3

Difference 4

Answer 3

Prokaryotes have a singular circular chromosome

Question 4

Difference 6

Answer 4

Prokaryotes are a lot smaller than eukaryotes

Question 5

Difference 7

Answer 5

Prokaryotes have a simpler form of flagella

Question 6

Difference 8

Answer 6

Prokaryotes share their DNA through pili

Question 7

Difference 9

Answer 7

Prokaryotes lack any cilia

Question 8

Difference 10

Answer 8

Prokaryotes have different and smaller ribosomes

Question 9

Coccus

Answer 9

Circular in shape

Question 10

Bacillus

Answer 10

Oval Shaped

Question 11

Spirillum

Answer 11

A wavy almost ‘w’ like prokaryote

Question 12

Diplococci

Answer 12

Two cocci together

Question 13

Streptococci

Answer 13

A line of cocci

Question 14

Tetrad

Answer 14

Four cocci together

Question 15

Staphylococci

Answer 15

A bunch of cocci together

Question 16

sarcinae

Answer 16

like two tetrads put together

Question 17

single bacilli

Answer 17

just one bacilli without any changes

Question 18

diplobacilli

Answer 18

two bacilli put together

Question 19

streptobacilli

Answer 19

a line of bacilli put together

Question 20

coccobacillus

Answer 20

like a mushed bacilli

Question 21

Vibrio

Answer 21

like a regular spirillum but with a bend

Question 22

spirillum(arrangment)

Answer 22

looks like a ‘w’

Question 23

spirochete

Answer 23

anything more than just a few bends

Question 24

Glycocalyx

Answer 24

An outer layer of the cell

Question 25

Capsule Layer

Answer 25

Thick, highly organized, and solidly fixed to the cell wall

Question 26

Slime Layer

Answer 26

thin, unorganized loosely held to the cell wall

Question 27

Attachment(Function of Glycocalyx)

Answer 27

Allows bacteria to attach to surfaces

Question 28

Protection(function of glycocalyx)

Answer 28

Protect against dehydration and phagocytosis

Question 29

Nutrition(function of glycocalyx)

Answer 29

Keeps nutrients in the cell and may be the source of nutrition

Question 30

Monotrichous

Answer 30

a single flagellum at one end

Question 31

Lophotrichous

Answer 31

two or more flagella at one end of the pole

Question 32

Peritrichous

Answer 32

flagella all over the cell

Question 33

Axial Filaments

Answer 33

Found only on spirochete, wraps around and moves the whole thing like a worm

Question 34

Fimbrae Composition

Answer 34

Hairlike appendenges made out of pilin

Question 35

Fimbrae Function

Answer 35

Used for attachment and colonization of host

Question 36

IV Pili

Answer 36

Make a shaft connecting the bacteria together to transfer DNA

Question 37

Cell Wall Structure

Answer 37

Prevent cell rupture to osmotic pressure
Provides Shape
Anchors Flagella

Question 38

Clinical Importance of Cell Wall Structure

Answer 38

site of anitbiotic action and the virulence factor that causes disease

Question 39

Components of Cell Wall

Answer 39

peptidoglycan, peptides and proteins, phospholipids, polysacchardies

Question 40

Structure of Peptidoglycan

Answer 40

Layers of carbohydrate backbones connected to each other by tetrapeptide side chains

Question 41

How is the tetrapeptide connected?

Answer 41

It’s connected to NAM and cross bridge