Prokaryotes + Eukaryotes

Question 1

Describe the Great Oxidation Event

Answer 1

Photosynthetic cyanobacteria release O2, allowing the evolution of oxidation. Changed earth’s atmosphere, rise of aerobic metabolism, and evolution of multicellularity

Question 2

What are the 3 Domains?

Answer 2

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota. Bacteria and Archaea are prokarya.

Question 3

What is the difference between the prokaryote domains?

Answer 3

Between the Bacteria and Archaea domains, the bacteria only have peptidoglycan in their cell wall.

Question 4

What are the differences between Autotrophs and Heterotrophs?

Answer 4

Autotrophs can make their food while heterotrophs are consumers who depend on other sources.
Phototrophs: energy from light
Chemotrophs: energy from organic compounds

Question 5

What is the Theory of Endosymbiosis?

Answer 5

Some organelles of present-day eukaryotic cells evolved from free-living prokaryotic cells.
Primary: Eukaryotic cell engulfs a living prokaryote
Secondary: The eukaryotic cell engulfs another eukaryotic cell that has already passed primary endosymbiosis

Question 6

What is a protist?

Answer 6

A single-cell eukaryote. Most eukaryotes are in this group and are single-celled.

Question 7

Two Eukaryotic organelles that arose from endosymbiosis

Answer 7

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts.
Mitochondria came from an aerobic prokaryote–allowed aerobic respiration
Chloroplasts came from a photosynthetic prokaryote–allowed harvesting of solar energy