Prokaryotes Flashcards
Prokaryotic DNA location
Nucleiod region
Plasma membrane
Sterols
Selectively permeable
Plasmid
Small, circular, independently self-replicating, extra chromosomal rings of DNA
Binary fission
Prokaryotic reproduction and growth
Generation time
Time required for a cell duplicate. 1 cells becomes 2
E. Coli generation time
20 mins
Binary fission process
Nucleiod divides
Transverse septum becomes complete
Daughter cell separates
Vegetative cells
Capable of actively growing (reproducing)
Endospores
Protected form, not reproductive
Endospores
Forms in response to stress
Resistant
Remains dormant before germination
Gram positive bacilli
Vertical gene transfer
Binary fission
Horizontal gene transfer
Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction
F + cell
Has plasmid = donor
F- cell
No plasmid
Transformation
Recipient cell takes donor DNA
Donor DNA aligns
Recombination occurs between donor and recipient DNA
Genetically transformed cell
Photo autotrophs
Light
Chemoautotroph
Inorganic chemicals
Photoheterotroph
Light
Chemiheterotroph
Organic compounds
Most prokaryotes and Protista, fungi, animals and plants
Obligate aerobes
Require oxygen
Obligate anaerobes
Killed by oxygen
Use fermentation
Facultative anaerobes
Use oxygen if present, switches to other mode if oxygen isn’t present
Psychrophile
Cold lover
Mesophile
Warm
