Prokaryotes Flashcards
Prokaryotic
Single celled organisms that has no membrane bound nucleus
Eukaryotic
Single celled organism that contains a membrane bound nucleus. Modern cells
Thermophiles
Bacteria that thrives in extremely hot environments
Halophiles
Bacteria that thrives in extremely salty environments
Cocci
Type of bacteria in round shape
Bacilli
Type of bacteria in rod shape
Spirilli
Type of bacteria in spiral shape
Cell Wall
Outermost layer of the cell that provides protection and and gives the cell shape
Cell Membrane
The structure which regulates what come in and out of a cell
Capsule/Slime Layer
Sticky coating on outside of capsule used for protection
Pili/Pilus
Structure that helps the cell stick to surfaces and are used to transfer and share genetic information between other bacteria
Conjugation
The transfer of genetic information between cells using the pili
Flagella
Whiplike tail used for movement
Cytoplasm
Watery substance inside a cell
Ribosomes
The structure in charge of making proteins for the cell
DNA
Contains instructions of the cell and controls cell activities
Plasmid
Small circular loop of DNA found in prokaryotes
Fimbriae
Small hairlike structures that help bacteria stick onto surfaces
Gram Positive
Bacteria with a thick lipid layer in their cell wall
Gram Negative
Bacteria with a thin lipid layer in their cell wall
MRSA
Deadly strain of bacteria that cannot be treated by any current antibiotics
Biological Warfare
The use of microorganisms the specifically target people
Viruses
A type of prokaryotic cells that cannot be treated with antibiotics
Vaccines
Injectable substances that let out body create immunity for a virus before a full force virus can get to us
