Progressive Waves Flashcards
An earthquake produces 2 main types of waves:
Primary P-waves or secondary S-waves
What type is a progressive wave
A P-wave
What type is a S-waves?
A progressive wave
Is a P-wave longitudinal or transverse?
Longitudinal
Is a S-wave longitudinal or transverse?
Transverse
Define a progressive wave.
A progressive wave is an oscillation that travel through matter or sometimes through a vacuum, transferring energy from one place to another, but not matter.
Give an example of a progressive wave.
Sound waves
When a progressive waves travels through a medium, the particles in the medium
move from their original position to a new position. The particles in the medium extert forces on each other, hence a displaced particle experiences a restoring force from its neighbours and it is pulled back to its original position.
A transverse wave is wave which…
oscillations or vibrations are normal to the direction of energy transfer
Transverse waves have…
peaks and throughs
Examples of transverse waves?
surface water waves, S-waves, EM waves
A longitudinal wave is a wave
which oscillations or vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer.
Examples of longitudinal waves.
Sound waves and P-waves
When longitudinal waves travel through a medium they create,
rarefractions and compressions
What is a progressive wave
An oscillation that travels through matter or in some cases a vacuum transferring energy from one place to another but not matter. The particles in the matter vibrate as the wave passes through them, but they do not move along with the wave.
There are two types of progressive waves
Transverse and longitudinal
Longitudinal have areas of
Rarefaction when particles are more spread out and compression when particles are close together.
Define Displacement
The distance from the equilibrium position in a particular direction
Amplitude
The maximum displacement from the origin
Define Wavelength
The minim distance between e adjacent points on a wave oscillating in phase
Define period
The time taken for a full oscillation passing a given point per unit time
Define wave speed
The distance travelled by the wave per unit time
If particles are in phase they are phase ditemene will be
A multiple of 2pi
If particles oscillate out phase with each other then the equation
x/lambda x 2 pi, where x is the separation in wavelengths between the two particles
When particles oscillate in anti phase with one another the phase difference is
Lambda/2
Techniques to determine frequency
To determine frequency of a wave an oscilloscope is fed a signal usually using a microphone. The time base on the oscilloscope can be set on the x axis to represent time and on y axis to represent the amplitude. The time taken to complete one full oscillation can be measured and then used to find the frequency
How are longitudinal waves represented/drawn?
As a transverse wave where the peaks represents compressions and the through represents rarefactions
What’s the line of equilibrium
The line at which above and below oscillations occur
