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CP3 > Progress Tests > Flashcards

Progress Tests Flashcards

1
Q

what vasculitis is this describing: Small vessel vasculitis; targets upper airways (epistaxis, nasal crusting, sinusitis, deafness), eyes (diplopia, proptosis, blindness), lungs (haemoptysis, nodules, infiltrates) and kidneys; strong association with c-ANCA positivity

A

Wegeners Granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangitis)

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2
Q

what vasculitis is this describing: Small vessel vasculitis; principal presentation is with palpable purpura over lower extremities, arthralgia and Raynaud’s phenomenon; may associate with hepatitis C viral infection and malignant B cell disease.

A

Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis

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3
Q

what vasculitis is this describing: Small vessel vasculitis that targets venules; main clinical presentation is with recurrent oral and genital ulcers, anterior or posterior uveitis, and skin lesions.

A

Behcets disease

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4
Q

what are first line prophylaxis agents for migraines

A

beta blockers or topiramate

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5
Q

what is the classification of hypovolaemic shock

A

Class 1 shock: Loss <15% blood volume (~750 ml)

Class 2 shock: Loss 15-30% blood volume (750 - 1500 ml)

Class 3 shock: Loss 30-40% blood volume (1500 - 2000 ml)

Class 4 shock: Loss >40% blood volume (>2000 ml)

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6
Q

what is a feature of chronic ischaemia

A

hair loss

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7
Q

what is a sign of an acute aortic dissection on chest Xray

A

enlarged aortic knuckle

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8
Q

what antihypertensive drugs cause erectile dysfunction

A

beta blockers

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9
Q

what movement is affected in achilles ruptures

A

plantarflexion

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10
Q

what is flumazenil

A

cure for benzodiazepine overdose

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11
Q

is alcohol a risk factor for breast cancer development

A

yes

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12
Q

what cells are affected in motor neurone disease

A

anterior horn cell

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13
Q

what cells are affected in multiple sclerosis

A

central myelinated axons

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14
Q

Tx for sigmoid volvulus in a patient that is not septic or hypercapnic

A

flatus tube insertion

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15
Q

what causes loss of power, pain and temperature sensation with preservation of proprioception and vibration sense

A

anterior spinal cord transection

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16
Q

What is Coeliacs disease associated with

A

subfertility

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17
Q

what should you do if you see a lytic lesion on an XR + why

A

CT CAP - most likely a bone met

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18
Q

what are poor prognostic indicators for pancreatitis

A 
>55
WCC >15
PaO2 <8
serum LDH >600
Serum aspartate aminotransferase >200
serum albumin <32 
hypocalcaemia 
glucose >10
serum urea >16
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19
Q

what should be done for knee OA before orthopaedic referral

A

regular analgesia, home exercises, steroid injections, physiotherapy

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20
Q

what should be done with a patient with OA that has rest pain on maximum conservative treatments

A

ortho referral for elective knee replacement

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21
Q

what are the radioopaque galstones made from

A

bile pigment

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22
Q

how long does amitriptyline take to work and what is recommended in the meantime

A

a few weeks so immediate release morphine may be a good bridge

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23
Q

what is the advice if a patient comes to primary care with delirium due to constipation

A

immediately refer to secondary care

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24
Q

What counts as delayed passage of meconium

A

> 24 hours

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25
Q

next steps if a child with a suspected UTI has positive urine dip

A

send urine for MCS

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26
Q

HTN Tx for >55 with ankle swelling

A

indapimide

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27
Q

what medication for BPH causes urinary retention

A

Donepezil

28
Q

what is a common feature of ‘dry eye’

A

excessive tearing with symptoms worse at the end of the day

29
Q

what causes sagging of an eyelid

A

entropions

30
Q

what helps to distinguish between mild dementia and depressive pseudo-dementia

A

normal investigatory blood screen

31
Q

what kind of limp is associated with perthes disease

A

painless

32
Q

what causes delerium at therapeutic doses

A

oxybutynin

33
Q

what is first line for sedation of delirium

A

low dose haloperidol

34
Q

what condition can causes flaky dry skin around the eyes and nose and what is it called

A

tuberous sclerosis, adenoma sebaceaum

35
Q

what is most likely in a woman with dysuria and a history of unprotected sex

A

chlamydia

36
Q

how do you differentiate between gonorrhea and chlamydia as causes of acute PID

A

discharge

37
Q

cause of a baby with progressive floppiness and recurrent severe respiratory infections

A

spinal muscular atrophy

38
Q

hypotonia, feeding difficulty, tent shaped mouth, mild respiratory impairment,

mother has developmental delay and myopic facies

A

congenital myotonic dystrophy

39
Q

factors that increase risk of suicide

A

access to firearms
delusional beliefs
hopelessness
psychomotor agitation

40
Q

is epilepsy a risk for pre-eclampsia

A

no

41
Q

midwife antenatal visits

A

10

42
Q

where is the uterosacral ligament

A

Posterior to the uterus in a U shape

43
Q

best imaging for intraocular foreign body

A

orbital CT

44
Q

where in the brain are the earliest changes in alzheimers disease seen

A

temporal lobe

45
Q

best advice to reduce risk of spina bifida

A

take prescribed high dose folic acid before conception

46
Q

Tx for malignant spinal cord compression

A

Dexamethasone

47
Q

what results are consistent with cranial diabetes insipidus

A

low urinary osmolality usually

increased serum osmolality after water deprivation for 8 hours

desmopressin administration = massive rise in urine osmolality

48
Q

when is glucogel indicated in hypoglycaemia and what is indicated instead

A

when they cant swallow, ALWAYS GIVE ORAL GLUCOSE/FOOD IF POSSIBLE

49
Q

first line medicine for PBC

A

Ursodeoxycholic acid

50
Q

sign for achilles tendinitis

A

calcaneal tendon enlargement

51
Q

test for meniscal tear

A

McMurray test

52
Q

brown/rust coloured sputum organism in pneumonia

A

streptococcus

53
Q

only medication that treats nausea and agitation

A

levopromazine

54
Q

what scan should be done if there is an unprovoked DVT

A

CT abdo/pelvis for possible malignancy

55
Q

where is de quervains tenosynvitis felt

A

radial aspect of wrist

56
Q

best imaging modality for cervical spine fractures

A

CT scan neck

57
Q

what causes intrinsic hand muscle wasting

A

T1 nerve lesions

58
Q

what is the most common pathogen in leg cellulitis

A

strep pyogenes

59
Q

histological findings consistent with small intestinal metaplasia

A

intestinal metaplasia

60
Q

what investigation should be done for a non-functioning thyroid nodule

A

USS neck

61
Q

what has to be done before doing a wells score/CTPA/D-dimers for ?PE

A

CXR

62
Q

what is the initial tx of superior vena cava obstruction

A

Dexamethasone

63
Q

what antidiabetic drugs should be omitted in a Type 2 diabetic treated medically in a minor surgery

A

gliclazide - metformin can continue

64
Q

fluid requirements for adults with underlying cardiac disease

A

20-25ml/kg/day

65
Q

best anasthesa for AP resection for low rectal carcinoma

A

epidural

66
Q

what is a common trigger for vasovagal syncope

A

micturation

67
Q

what CK levels are considered definite rhabdomyolysis

A

> 10,000 , <1000 isnt necessarily that

CP3 (1 decks)

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