Programming Techniques

Question 1

Algorithm

Answer 1

A set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem

Question 2

Three programming constructs

Answer 2

Sequences, selection, iteration

Question 3

Sequences

Answer 3

A series of logical steps that perform an action

Question 4

Selection (branching)

Answer 4

A decision or question that changes the direction of a program depending on the outcome

Question 5

Examples of sequences

Answer 5

Print statements and variable initialisation

Question 6

Examples of selections

Answer 6

If and case statements

Question 7

Iteration

Answer 7

Iteration is the process of repeating sections of a program

Question 8

Three types of iteration

Answer 8

Infinite loops, count-controlled loops, condition-controlled loops

Question 9

Infinite loops

Answer 9

Repeats until the user terminates the program or it crashes

Question 10

Count-controlled loops

Answer 10

Used to make the program repeat the same thing a specific number of times

Question 11

Example of count-controlled loop

Answer 11

FOR loop

Question 12

Condition-controlled loops

Answer 12

Repeated based on a certain condition

Question 13

Example of condition-controlled loop

Answer 13

WHILE loop

Question 14

DO WHILE loop

Answer 14

Condition-controlled loop - iteration occurs indefinitely as long as specified condition is met

Question 15

REPEAT UNTIL loop

Answer 15

Condition-controlled loop - iteration occurs indefinitely until specified condition is met

Question 16

Scope

Answer 16

The area where a function or variable is visible and accessible to other code

Question 17

Global variable

Answer 17

Declared outside any function and can be accessed throughout all of the program

Question 18

Local variable

Answer 18

Declared inside a function and can only be accessed inside of that function

Question 19

Why are local variables better to use than global variables?

Answer 19

Unnecessary use of global variables can make programs hard to test,debug and maintain