programming skills Flashcards
computer networks are the convergence of two important technologies:
computing and telecommunication
what is telecommunications technology
the technology of long distance communications
what is a node
each computer on a network
what is a server
a central computer included on many networks
what is a hybrid network
a combination of both client/server and peer to peer network
examples of categories of networks:
- WAN
- LAN
- MAN
LAN stands for:
local area network
a lab with 20 computers and a laser printer is an example of what area network
local area network (LAN)
what materials does an LAN use
- twisted pair
- fiber optic
- coaxial cable
what is a collision (in reference to LAN)
when two workstations on shared ethernet try to access LAN at the same time
what network covers a large area
wide area network (WAN)
the primary difference b/w LAN and WAN
distance
what is a terminal emulation software (in reference to WAN)
a communication software that allows a personal computer to appear as terminal
what area network do mobile phone systems often use
metropolitan area network (MAN)
what is metropolitan area network (MAN)
a network that transmits data over citywide distance faster than LAN
network interface card (NIC) allows a direct connection to:
network
what does de facto mean
by fact
examples of governing bodies that approve network standards
- institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE)
- electronics industry association (EIA)
- american standards national institute (ANSI)
the ITU was formerly known as:
CCIT
examples of types of protocols:
- ethernet
- ARCnet
- FTP
examples of de-jure standards:
- institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE)
- american standards national institute (ANSI)
- international organization for standardization (ISO)
examples of LAN protocols:
- ethernet
- token ring
- ARCnet
what is a token ring
a protocol that works on the concepts of ring topology and a token
what is the most commonly used LAN protocol
ethernet
what happens in CSMA/CS
a node listens to the bus for specified time and waits until the node has completed the transmission
what is CSMA/CD
an LAN access method that resolves the contention b/w two or more nodes by collision detection
the physical layout of a network is called:
topology
what is the most common LAN topology
star topology
what network topology places all nodes on a single cable
bus topology
what is a hub (in reference to star topology)
the central device
what topology uses terminators
bus topology
what topology uses routers
mesh topology
example networks of ring topology
- fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)
what topology is fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)
ring topology
what is de jure protocol
a protocol that is properly researched, designed and finally published as a standard
what is a bridge
a device used to connect similar networks
how many layers does an open systems interconnection (osi) reference model have
7 layers
what osi layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining and terminating user connection
session layer
what are the two separate sub layers the osi data link layer has
LLC and MAC
what is the bottom layer of the OSI model
physical layer
what is the physical layer (in reference to OSI model)
the layer that is used to control how a bit stream of data is sent and received over the physical medium
what is the presentation layer (in reference to OSI model)
the layer that defines the formats that the data uses as it is transmitted on the communication line
what layer of the OSI model is responsible for segmentation and reassembly
4th layer (transport layer)
what layer lies between the network layer and the application layer (in reference to OSI model
transport layer
which OSI model layer identifies the route determination
network layer
what OSI layer is closest layer to the transmission medium
physical layer
what layer lies b/w the physical and network layer (in reference to OSI model)
data link layer
what layer of the OSI model performs data compression
physical layer
project 802 defines standards for which two OSI model layers?
physical and data link layers
what is the internet
a set collection of a large number of computers all over the world connected to one another
what is a website
a collection of related web pages
FTP stands for
file transfer protocol
what is the FTP facility used for
file transfer
examples of services on the internet:
- WWW
- FTP
what is downloading
the process of transferring a file from a remote computer to a local computer on a network
what is uploading
the process of transferring a file from our own computer to the remote computer on a network
what can help extend cabling on a linear bus topology
barrel connector
ISDN stands for:
integrated services digital network
DSL stands for:
digital subscriber line
what is a router
a device that connects multiple networks using similar or different protocols
what order are the data transfer rates of LAN typically of
megabits per second
what is a computer network
a collection of computers connected together to share resources and information
what is the least amount of computers allowed in a computer network
2
companies that use networks can save time and money became network users are allowed to share:
- hardware devices
- software programs
- information
what is a peer-to-peer computer network
a computer network in which all computers have equal status and no one has control over others
examples of communications devices:
- router
what type of network (LAN,WAN,MAN, etc) covers a small area
LAN
