Programming Fundamentals

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

Named item used to hold a value

Question 2

Assignment Statement

Answer 2

Assigns a variable with a value

Question 3

Variable Declaration

Answer 3

Declares a new variable

Specifies variable’s name and type

Question 4

Expression

Answer 4

Combination of items (variables, literal, operators, parentheses) that evaluates to a value

Question 5

Identifier

Answer 5

Name created by a programmer for an item (variable or function)
Must be be a sequence of letters, underscores, and digits
Must start with a letter or underscore
Case sensitive

Question 6

Reserved Word

Answer 6

aka Keyword

Part of the language and cannot be used as an identifier

Question 7

Camel Case

Answer 7

Capitalize each word (except the first)

Question 8

Underscore Separated

Answer 8

Lowercase words separated by underscore

Question 9

Literal

Answer 9

Specific value in code

Question 10

Operator

Answer 10

Symbol that performs a built-in calculation

Question 11

Precedence Rules

Answer 11

Order of standard mathematics used in expressions
() items within parentheses 
Logical not
unary - negation
*/
\+-
Relational
Equality
Logical AND
Logical OR
left-to-right

Question 12

Unary Minus

Answer 12

Minus (-) used as negative

Question 13

Incremental Development

Answer 13

Process of writing, compiling, and testing a small amount of code. Then doing another small amount.

Question 14

Function

Answer 14

List of statements invoked with function’s name

Question 15

Pseudo-Random

Answer 15

Random number generators have an equation based off a seed

Question 16

Integer Division

Answer 16

If two integers are used in division the result will be an integer. If at least one operand is floating-point then the answer will be floating-point

Question 17

Type Conversion

Answer 17

Conversion of one data type to another
Integer to float (25 = 25.0)
Float to integer (4.9 = 4)

Question 18

Implicit Conversion

Answer 18

Automatic data type conversion
If either operand with arithmetic operator is a float, the other is converted
During assignments, the right side is converted to left side type

Question 19

Type Cast

Answer 19

Converts a value of one type to another

An integer can be converted to float by multiplying by 1.0

Question 20

Constant

Answer 20

Named value that should not change during the program’s execution

Question 21

[]

Answer 21

Brackets

Question 22

{}

Answer 22

Braces

Question 23

()

Answer 23

Parentheses

Question 24

\n

Answer 24

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