Programming fundamentals

Question 1

what is a string

Answer 1

a group of characters

Question 2

what is quotient (DIV)

Answer 2

does the division but cuts off the decimal

Question 3

what is modulus(mod)

Answer 3

gives the remainder of the

Question 4

for a and Boolean to work what has to take place

Answer 4

both sides need to be true

Question 5

what is the code for substring

Answer 5

.substring(start, how many )

Question 6

what are variables

Answer 6

identifiers that hold value that can be changed

Question 7

what are constants

Answer 7

identifiers that hold value and connot be changed

const PI = 3.142

Question 8

what is user input always

Answer 8

a string

Question 9

what are the 3 fundamental programming constructs

Answer 9

sequence
selection
iteration

Question 10

what is selection and what code do you use

Answer 10

process of making a decision
if - always checked
elseif - only checked if previous conditions were false
else - no conditions and only checked if all previous conditions were false

Question 11

during a switch case statement what do you use

Answer 11

switch == if
case
default =else
endswitch

option = input (“select option 1 or 2.”)

switch option:
case “1”:
print(“Welcome to the program.”)
lauchprogram()
case “2”:
settings()
default:
print(“goodbye”)
endswitch

Question 12

when are switch case useful

Answer 12

where a variable determines the selection

Question 13

what are count controlled loops

Answer 13

repeaats a set number of time
FOR loop

FOR i = 0 to 5 THEN
print (i)
next i

Question 14

what is iteration

Answer 14

where code repreats

Question 15

what is a condition controlled loop

Answer 15

WHILE loop - repeats until a condition is broken
DO UNTIL repeats until a condition is met

password = input(“PW: “)

while password != “123”
password = (“PW: “)
endwhile

Question 16

what is a subprogram

Answer 16

out of line block of code

Question 17

what must you do to a sub program

Answer 17

call it so it can be executed

procedure add(num1,num2)
sum = num1 + num 2
print(sum)
endprocedure

print(sum)
endprocedure

print(“welcome”)
add(10,15)

Question 18

what must you do in a function

Answer 18

must return it
function add(num1,num2)
sum = num1 + num 2
print(sum)
return sum
endfunction

print(sum)
endfunction

print(“welcome”)
add(10,15)

Question 19

what is a local variable

Answer 19

only exist when the sub program is executing
only accessible inside the subprogram

Question 20

what is the difference between a function and a procedure

Answer 20

Procedure is a named set of instructions that be can be called upon throughout the code

A function is a procedure that returns a value

Question 21

Give 4 ways to keep code maintainable

Answer 21

consistent naming convention
many subprograms
consistent indentation
use comments

Question 22

what is a procedure

Answer 22

a sequence of instruction named by an identifier which can be called anywhere in the program

Question 23

give two examples of substring handlaing

Answer 23

.substring(start, how many)
concatenation(+)

Question 24

What are the similarities between a function and a procedure

Answer 24

They both take parameters