Programming-Chapter 1 Flashcards
Introduction to computers&programming
What are the elements of IS
People
Software
Hardware
Data
Procedures
What does creative thinking allow us to do?
Seek solutions to new problems
Seek new or better solutions to old problems
Characteristics of a creative thinker
Questioning attitude
Flexibility
Persistence
Self-confidence
Ability to concentrate
Lateral thinking
Tackles problem solving in ways that are different to how we have approached problems in the past
Vertical/logical thinking
Proceeds step-by-step in a given direction in order to solve a problem
Computers can solve problems by:
Using information they are given
Performing a series of steps to process that information
Providing the processed/transformed information
The steps for solving a problem
Info about what is given(initial solution)
Info about what is required(final solution)
Info about the transformation steps needed to go from the initial solution to the final situation
Algorithm
A set of detailed, unambiguous and ordered instructions
Developed to describe the transformations necessary
To go from the initial situation to the final situation
Properties of an algorithm
Must be sufficiently detailed to describe the transformations necessary
Must be unambiguous(everyone gets the same result)
Must always give the same results for the same initial situation
Must give correct results in all cases
Five operations to implement your solution on a computer
Perform arithmetic
Compare two pieces of info and do something depending on the outcome
Receive and send out info
Repeat groups of operations
Save info for later use
What does a trace table do?
Shows a step-by-step record of what information is recorded
Pass
When a step(or group of steps) is repeated
Where is temporary info stored
Memory
What is a memory unit called?
Storage location or memory location
What does each memory location have?
An address
Keywords for saving info for later use
Use an assignment statement to place information in a storage location
set, assign, initialize, save, store, compute, calculate
Input
The process of entering info using an input device
read
get
Output
The process of providing information using an output device
print, write and put
Computer program
Is a series of instructions carried out by a computer to do a task
Programming is a process of:
Designing/write algorithms
Coding the algorithms into a program
Using a suitable programming language
Creative thinking
Being creative means to be imaginative and original in developing
new works of art
products
services
uses of materials
ways of doing things
Brainstorm
is a type of creative thinking done in a group
Criticism is not allowed
The wilder the idea, the better
The more ideas the better
Combinations and variation of ideas are welcome
