Programming Basics Flashcards
Two types of scoping
Static and Dynamic
When a function is called, what operation occurs in stack?
PUSH
When a function is over, what operation occurs in stack?
POP
Within the same function, are multiple variable of the same name allowed?
NO
Where are local variables stored?
Stack
Where are global variables stored?
Static area
3 parts of main memory
Stack, Heap, Static area
To store in heap area , which keyword is used?
malloc
Which part of main memory is least in size?
Static area
Default value in static area?
0
Default value in stack area?
garbage
Global variable are allocated memory at which time?
Compile time
Static memory allocation allocates memory at?
Compile time
Static memory allocation is also known as?
Early Binding
In dynamic memory allocation, memory estimated at?
Runtime
Static can be mapped to?
Compiler
Dynamic can be mapped to?
Processor
&
Reference operator
*
Dereference operator
Local variable memory estimated at?
Runtime
Identify error : variable with same name declared twice in the same function
Multiple declaration error
Identify error: operation b/w two variable of different type
Type mismatch error
Identify error : variable used without declaration
Undeclared variable error
Solution of scope problem
Static scoping and Dynamic scoping
Who handles static scoping?
Compiler
Who handles dynamic scoping?
Processor
Static scoping?
If no local, take global
Dynamic Scoping?
Go to the prev functions, if variable not found in any function, use global variable’s value
Which scoping is more difficult to implement?
Dynamic
Default scoping technique?
Static
When does static scoping give error?
If variable not present local and also not global then error
When does dynamic scoping give error?
If variable is not present in any function and also not global
In worst case , dynamic scoping prints what value of variable?
Global value
Why indexing of array start from 0?
So that no time is taken in calculating offset value
int a=26;
Initialisation
int a;
Declaration
a=26;
Modification
If any value is passed to a function suppose int D(int a, int b) then what happens?
Then function D makes its local copies of a and b and stores the passed value in it.
What is the difference b/w initialization, declaration and modification
Initialization and declaration creates memory whereas modification does not
