Programming Flashcards
is an object-oriented, class-based, concurrent, secured and general-purpose computer-programming language. It is a widely used robust technology.
Java
is a programming language and a platform.
Java
is a high level, robust, object-oriented and secure programming language.
Java
Any hardware or software environment in which a program runs, is known as a _______
platform
JAVA was developed by ____________ in 1991, later acquired by Oracle Corporation.
Sun Microsystems Inc
Java was developed by
James Gosling and Patrick Naughton.
is known as the father of Java.
James Gosling
Before Java, its name was ________
Oak
Each operating system has different _________ however the output they produce after execution of bytecode is same across all operating systems.
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
ensures that the same Java code can be run on different operating systems and platforms.
Java Virtual Machine
the instruction set for Java Virtual Machine and acts similar to an assembler.
Bytecode
is a key platform component for building Java applications.
Java Development Kit
the on-disk program that loads Java applications for the JVM to execute.
Java Runtime Environment(JRE)
Java Applications:
- Desktop Applications such as acrobat reader, media player, antivirus, etc.
- Web Applications such as irctc.co.in, javatpoint.com, etc.
- Enterprise Applications such as banking applications.
- Mobile
- Embedded System
- Smart Card
- Robotics
- Games, etc.
included by default when you download the Java Development Kit, and each ______ includes the core Java class libraries, a Java class loader, and a Java Virtual Machine.
Java Runtime Environment(JRE)
are also known as desktop applications or window-based applications. These are traditional software that we need to install on every machine.
Standalone Application
An application that runs on the server side and creates a dynamic page
Web Application
An application that is distributed in nature, such as banking applications, etc.
Enterprise Application
It has advantages of the high-level security, load balancing, and clustering.
Enterprise Application
An application which is created for mobile devices is called a
Mobile Application
It is a Java programming platform. It includes Java programming APIs such as java.lang, java.io, java.net, java.util, java.sql, java.math etc. It includes core topics like OOPs, String, Regex, Exception, Inner classes, Multithreading, I/O Stream, Networking, AWT, Swing, Reflection, Collection, etc.
Java SE (Java Standard Edition)
It is an enterprise platform which is mainly used to develop web and enterprise applications. It is built on the top of the Java SE platform. It includes topics like Servlet, JSP, Web Services, EJB, JPA, etc.
Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)
It is a micro platform which is mainly used to develop mobile applications.
Java ME (Java Micro Edition)
It is used to develop rich internet applications. It uses a light-weight user interface API.
JavaFX
Features of Java
- Simple
- Object-Oriented
- Portable
- Platform independent
- Secured
- Robust
- Interpreted
- High Performance
- Distributed
Java is very easy to learn, and its syntax is simple, clean and easy to understand.
Simple
Everything in Java is an object.
Object-oriented
it is different from other languages like C, C++, etc. which are compiled into platform specific machines while Java is a write once, run anywhere language.
Platform Independent
it uses its own Runtime Environment (JRE) while others uses Runtime Environment of the Operating System (OS)
Secured
It uses strong memory management.
Robust
it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any platform. It doesn’t require any implementation.
Portable
Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming languages because Java bytecode is “close” to native code.
High Performance
it facilitates users to create distributed applications in Java.
Distributed
place in memory where information or data is stored.
variable
variable can be identified through its given name called
identifier
A variable declared inside the body of the method is
Local Variable
A variable declared inside the class but outside the body of the method, is called
Instance variable
A variable which is declared as static using the static keywords is called _______.
Static variable instance
is a place in memory(variable) whose value cannot change once it has been assigned.
constant
Data Types in Java
- Primitive data types
- Non-primitive data
are the building blocks of data manipulation. Considered as the most basic data types available in Java Language.
Java Primitive Data Types
8 types of primitive data types:
- bool
- int
- byte
- long
- char
- float
- short
8. Double
____ data types are used for storing whole numbers.
byte, short, int and long
are used for fractional numbers.
float and double
is used for storing characters(letters).
char
data type is used for variables that holds either true or false.
boolean
Types of Java Basic Operators
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Logical Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Ternary Operator (miscellaneous operator)
time when Java program is running or being executed.
Runtime
it determines what part of the program or project a variable is valid or visible.
Variable Scope
specifies what kind of data including the different sizes and values that can be stored in the variable.
Data type
is a combination of one or more operators, constants, functions and variables that the programming language interprets to produce a value.
Expression
is a word that has a predefined meaning in Java programming language syntax or it is a word that only Java language can understand.
Keyword
is a rule in making or writing java language statement or commands.
Syntax
are symbols that has a special meaning or a character that represents an action.
Operators
are used in mathematical expressions in the same way that they are used in algebra.
The Arithmetic Operators
are used to compare two values or conditions and always return a boolean value (true/false).
The Relational or Comparison Operators
works directly on data bits and performs bit-by-bit operation. Its operation is similar to what is done in Boolean Algebra.
The Bitwise Operators
These operators are used to assign values to a variable. The left side operand of the assignment operator is a variable and the right side operand of the assignment operator is a value.
. The Assignment Operators
also known as the ternary operator. This operator consists of three operands and is used to evaluate Boolean expressions.
Conditonal / Ternary Operator ( Miscellaneous Operator
describes the order in which operations are performed when an expression is evaluated. Operations with a higher precedence are performed before those with a lower precedence.
Operator precedence
