Programming Flashcards
What is a variable?
A location in memory that contains data that can be changed.
What is a constant?
A location in memory that contains data that cannot be changed.
What is casting?
Transferring one data type to another
What is an integer?
A whole number of
What is a reel/ float?
A decimal number
What is a char?
One alphanumeric in speech marks
What is a string?
Alphanumerical characters in speech marks
What is a Boolean?
True or False answer options
What is a sequence?
A program that I ran in order from top to bottom
What is selection?
Changing which code is ran based on a condition
What is iteration?
Repeats a code based on a condition or a set number if times
What is a modulus?
How many is left over or remaining
What does ^ mean?
To the power of
What does DIV mean
How many is used up
What is abstraction?
Removing unnecessary details to make a problem easier to solve
What is decomposition?
Breaking a complex down into smaller manageable parts
What is algorithmic thinking?
The way of getting to a solution by identifying the individual steps needs to take
What is an input?
Any information provided to the computer by the user
What is a process?
Calculation that is performed whilst the programming is running
What is an output?
The computer providing information to the user
What is a structure diagram?
Helps to decompose a problem by creating steps needed to solve it
What is a node in a structure diagram?
The lowest level a structure diagram has- one single task
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
What does a CPU do?
Carries out the instructions of a conputer
What happens in the fetch stage of the CPU cycle?
The computer gets the next instruction from the memory and brings it back to the CPU
What happens in the decode stage of the CPU cycle?
CPU inspects the instruction and works out what needs to be done
What happens in the execute stage of the CPU cycle?
The instruction is carried out
What does the ALU stand for?
Arithmetic logic unit
What does the ALU do?
Carries out arithmetic calculations and makes logical decisions
What does the control unit do?
Provided timing and control signals that determined how data moves around the CPU
What is Cache?
Provides fast access to frequently used instructions and data
What is a program counter?
Stores the address of the next instruction to be executed in the memory
What is the MAR?
Stores address of where data is to be fetched or stored
What is the MDR?
Stores the data fetched from memory or being written into the memory
What is the accumulator?
Holds results of the calculations performed by the ALU
