Programmed Cell Death Flashcards
1
Q
Types of cell death
A
- necrosis
- apoptosis
- necroptosis
- autophagy
2
Q
Necrosis
A
- Tramautic cell death resulting from acute cellular injury
- unregulated, passive process resulting in cell lysis
3
Q
Apoptosis
A
A genetically programmed cell death mechanism initiated by defined death signals or removal of survival cues, resulting in formation of membrane-blund cell debris
4
Q
Morphological appearance - Apoptosis
A
- chromatin condensation
- preservation of organelles and membranes
- cell shrinkage
- DNA fragmentation
5
Q
Morphological appearance - Necrosis
A
- cellular swelling
- denaturation and coagulation of cytoplasmic proteins
- breakdown of organelles
- breakdown of nuclear DNA
6
Q
Extrinsic apoptosis
A
- Death receptor pathway
- Initiated by external signals
- Proteolytic activity through out cell
- Digestion structural proteins
- Degraded DNA
- Phagocytosis
7
Q
Intrinsic pathway
A
- Mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis
- Initiated by signals within the cell
- Usually in response to failure of DNA repair
- Activation of proteins
8
Q
Intrinsic pathway is induced by:
A
- damage to the cellular DNA
- damage to the cell by toxins
- viral infections, free radicals, radiation
9
Q
Caspases
A
Regulate proteolysis during apoptotic cell death
