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341 > proficiency exam > Flashcards

proficiency exam Flashcards

1
Q

acetaminophen/codeine/ oxycodone PC

A

analgesic combo (opioid)

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2
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) PC

A

beta2 agonist

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3
Q

aldendronate sodium PC

A

biphosphonate derivative

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4
Q

acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone MOA

A

binds to opiate receptors

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5
Q

acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone use

A

pain management

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6
Q

acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone admin

A

shake oral solution/suspension

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7
Q

acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone MP

A

pain, resp/mental status, BP, HR, s/s substance abuse

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8
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) MOA

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by action on beta2 receptors

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9
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) use

A

bronchospasm, asthma // hyperkalemia

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10
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) admin

A

oral inhalation

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11
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) AE

A

excitement, nervousness, tremor, bronchospasm, pharyngitis, URI, rhinitis

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12
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) MP

A

peak flow, BP, HR, glucose, k+, EKG

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13
Q

aldendronate sodium MOA

A

inhibits bone reabsorption via actions on osteoclasts

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14
Q

aldendronate sodium use

A

osteoporosis treatment/prevention, paget disease// prostate cancer

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15
Q

aldendronate sodium admin

A

first thing in the morning with water

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16
Q

aldendronate sodium AE

A

femur fractures, GI irritation, hypocalemia, osteonecrosis of jaw

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17
Q

aldendronate sodium MP

A

serial bone mineral density

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18
Q

alprazolam PC

A

benzodiazepine

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19
Q

alprazolam MOA

A

binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on postsynaptic GABA neuron @ several sites within CNS

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20
Q

alprazolam use

A

anxiety// vertigo

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21
Q

alprazolam admin

A

controlled IV; oral

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22
Q

alprazolam AE

A

anterograde amnesia, rash, decreased libido, weight gain/loss, increased/decreased appetite, xerostomia, ataxia, drowsiness, dizziness, depression, fatigue, irritability, sedated

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23
Q

alprazolam MP

A

resp/cardio status, mental alertness, mis/abuse

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24
Q

amitriptyline PC

A

tricyclic antidepressant

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25
Q

amitriptyline MOA

A

increases synaptic concentration of serotonin &/or norepinephrine in CNS by inhibition of their reuptake

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26
Q

amitriptyline use

A

major DD// cyclic vomiting syndrome, fibromyalgia, h/a, IBS

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27
Q

amitriptyline admin

A

oral-night/evening

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28
Q

amitriptyline AE

A

anticholinergic- constipation, xerostomia, blurry vision, urinary retention, CNS depression, bleeding, fractures, hyponatremia, orthostatic hypotension, SI, withdrawal, serotonin syndrome,

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29
Q

amitriptyline MP

A

mental status, behavior changes, GI symptoms, vital signs

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30
Q

amlodipine PC

A

calcium channel blocker (CCB)

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31
Q

amlodipine MOA

A

inhibits calcium ion from entering “slow channels”

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32
Q

amlodipine use

A

angina, HTN, // raynaud phenomenon

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33
Q

amlodipine admin

A

oral w/o regards to meals

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34
Q

amlodipine AE

A

peripheral edema

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35
Q

amlodipine MP

A

HR, BP, edema

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36
Q

amoxicillin PC

A

penicillin antibiotic

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37
Q

amoxicillin MOA

A

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

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38
Q

amoxicillin use

A

ENT infections, H. pylori, lower resp infection, UTI // endocarditis

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39
Q

amoxicillin admin

A

oral

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40
Q

amoxicillin AE

A

diarrhea, C.diff, drug-induced enterocolitis

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41
Q

amoxicillin MP

A

renal/hepatic/hematological function; signs of sensitivity

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42
Q

amoxicillin/clavulanate PC

A

penicillin antibiotic

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43
Q

amoxicillin/clavulanate USE

A

lower resp. infection, otitis media, UTI, diabetic foot

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44
Q

amoxicillin/clavulanate admin

A

oral with food

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45
Q

amoxicillin/clavulanate MP

A

renal, hepatic function

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46
Q

atenolol PC

A

beta-blocker

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47
Q

atenolol MOA

A

blocks response to beta-adrenergic stimulation, no effect on beta2

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48
Q

atenolol USE

A

angina, HTN, MI // a fib/flutter, SVT, ventricular arrhythmias

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49
Q

atenolol ADMIN

A

oral w/o regards to meals

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50
Q

atenolol AE

A

bradycardia, hypotension, SVT, ventricular tachy, bronchospasm, fatigue, insomnia,

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51
Q

atenolol MP

A

BP, HR, kidney function, mental alertness, glucose, s/s bronchospasm

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52
Q

atorvastatin PC

A

HMG-COA reductase inhibitor

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53
Q

atorvastatin MOA

A

inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A

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54
Q

atorvastatin USE

A

hypercholesterolemia, prevention cardiovascular disease// post transplant

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55
Q

atorvastatin ADMIN

A

oral- suspension before meals, tablet- w/o regards to meals

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56
Q

atorvastatin AE

A

diarrhea, arthralgia, nasopharyngitis

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57
Q

atorvastatin MP

A

lipid panel, hepatic levels

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58
Q

azithromycin (systemic) PC

A

antibiotic, macrolide

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59
Q

azithromycin (systemic) MOA

A

inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis

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60
Q

azithromycin (systemic) USE

A

genital ulcer disease, acute COPD, otitis media, pelvic inflammatory disease, pneumonia, rhinosinusitis, skin, urethritis/cervicitis

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61
Q

azithromycin (systemic) ADMIN

A

IV/oral

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62
Q

azithromycin (systemic) AE

A

diarrhea, nausea, ototoxicity, C dif

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63
Q

azithromycin (systemic) MP

A

CBC w/dif, EKG

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64
Q

Cephalexin MOA

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

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65
Q

Cephalexin PC

A

cephalosporin anitbiotic

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66
Q

Cephalexin USE

A

bone infections. otitis media, respiratory tract infections, skin, soft tissue, UTI//endocarditis, prosthetic joint

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67
Q

Cephalexin ADMIN

A

oral

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68
Q

Cephalexin AE

A

C.dif, hemolytic anemia,

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69
Q

Cephalexin MP

A

renal, hepatic, hematologic function

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70
Q

cetirizine (systemic) PC

A

histamine H1 antagonist

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71
Q

cetirizine (systemic) MOA

A

competes w/histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells

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72
Q

cetirizine (systemic) USE

A

allergic rhinitis, urticaria// anaphylaxis, angioedema,

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73
Q

cetirizine (systemic) ADMIN

A

oral, IV over 1-2 mins

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74
Q

cetirizine (systemic) AE

A

drowsiness, fatigue, psychosis, delusion, h/a

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75
Q

cetirizine (systemic) MP

A

relief of symptoms, mental alertness

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76
Q

clonazepam PC

A

benzodiazepine

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77
Q

clonazepam MOA

A

enhance activity of GABA

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78
Q

clonazepam USE

A

panic disorders, seizures disorders// anxiety, agitation, TD, verigo

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79
Q

clonazepam ADMIN

A

C-IV, oral

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80
Q

clonazepam AE

A

ataxia, behavioral problems, dizziness, drowsiness, CNS effects, anterograde amnesia

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81
Q

clonazepam MP

A

mental alertness, CBC, liver/renal tests, suicidality

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82
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) PC

A

antiplatelet, thienopyridine

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83
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) MOA

A

blocks P2Y12 component of ADP receptors

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84
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) USE

A

acute coronary syndrome, ST-elevation (&non), MI, stroke//carotid artery

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85
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) ADMIN

A

oral w/o regards to food

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86
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) AE

A

bleeding

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87
Q

clopidogrel (plavix) MP

A

signs of bleeding; HMG & HCT

88
Q

cyclobenzaprine PC

A

skeletal muscle relaxant

89
Q

cyclobenzaprine MOA

A

reduces tonic somatic motor activity influencing alpha & gamma motor neurons

90
Q

cyclobenzaprine USE

A

muscle spasms// fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorder

91
Q

cyclobenzaprine ADMIN

A

oral, same time each day

92
Q

cyclobenzaprine AE

A

xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, constipation, urinary retention, CNS depression

93
Q

cyclobenzaprine MP

A

mental alertness, s/s serotonin syndrome, mental status change, GI symptoms

94
Q

escitalopram PC

A

antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

95
Q

escitalopram MOA

A

selectively inhibits reuptake of serotonin

96
Q

escitalopram USE

A

GAD, MDD// binge eating, bulimia, OCD, PTSD, SAD

97
Q

escitalopram ADMIN

A

oral once daily

98
Q

escitalopram AE

A

diarrhea, nausea, ejaculatory disorders, h/a, insomnia, drowsiness, activation of mania, bleeding, fractures, hyponatremia, QT prolong, SI, ED

99
Q

escitalopram MP

A

EKG, electrolytes, liver and renal function, mental status (SI)

100
Q

esomeprazole PC

A

proton pump inhibitor

101
Q

esomeprazole MOA

A

suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cell

102
Q

esomeprazole USE

A

GI bleed, GERD, heartburn/peptic ulcer disease, pre-endoscopy

103
Q

esomeprazole ADMIN

A

oral w/water, IV, NG tube

104
Q

esomeprazole AE

A

h/a, fractures, hypomagnesemia, enteric infections

105
Q

esomeprazole MP

A

rebleeding, mag, calcium, bone loss & fractures

106
Q

fluoxetine PC

A

antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

107
Q

fluoxetine MOA

A

inhibits CNS neuron reuptake

108
Q

fluoxetine USE

A

bipolar disorder, bulimia nervosa, MDD, OCD, panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder// binge eating, body dysmorphic, fibromyalgia, GAD, PTSD, premature ejaculation, SAD

109
Q

fluoxetine ADMIN

A

w/o regards to meals

110
Q

fluoxetine AE

A

decreased libido, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, xerostomia, sexual disorder, anxiety, h/a, insomnia, nervousness, tremor, yawning, asthenia, fractures, SI

111
Q

fluoxetine MP

A

glucose, renal & liver function, EKG, mental changes

112
Q

fluticasone PC

A

inhalant corticosteroid

113
Q

fluticasone MOA

A

utilizes a fluorocarbothioate ester linkage at the 17 carbon position; extremely potent vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity

114
Q

fluticasone USE

A

asthma maintenance//COPD

115
Q

fluticasone ADMIN

A

oral inhalation

116
Q

fluticasone AE

A

oral candidiasis, fatigue, h/a, malaise, arthralgia, musculoskeletal pain, nasal congestion, rhinitis, sinusitis, throat irritation, upper respiratory tract infection

117
Q

fluticasone MP

A

growth, s/s oral candidiasis, peak flow (pulmonary tests), asthma symptoms, bone mineral density, hepatic impairment, glaucoma/cataracts

117
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol PC

A

beta 2 agonist; corticosteroid

118
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol MOA

A

anti-inflammatory; relaxes smooth muscles by action on beta 2 receptors

119
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol USE

A

asthma mainenance/controller, COPD

120
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol ADMIN

A

rinse mouth with water after

121
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol AE

A

h/a, upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, pharyngitis,

122
Q

fluticasone & salmeterol MP

A

FEV1, peak flow, pulmonary tests, BP, HR, CNS stimulation, bone mineral density, growth

123
Q

furosemide PC

A

loop diuretic; antihypertensive

124
Q

furosemide MOA

A

Primarily inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle and proximal and distal renal tubules

125
Q

furosemide MP

A

BP, electrolytes, kidney function, I/Os

126
Q

furosemide USE

A

edema or fluid overload

127
Q

furosemide ADMIN

A

oral- with or w/o food
IV- 20-40 mg per minute
SUBQ

128
Q

furosemide AE

A

AKI, fluid/electrolyte loss, ototoxicity

129
Q

gabapentin PC

A

antiseizure agent

130
Q

gabapentin MOA

A

structurally related to GABA

131
Q

gabapentin MP

A

renal function, suicidality, mental alertness, resp depression, sedation

132
Q

gabapentin USE

A

postherpetic neuralgia, seizures//
alcohol w/d, GAD, hiccups, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, restless legs syndrome

133
Q

gabapentin ADMIN

A

oral w/o regards to meals, at bedtime

134
Q

gabapentin AE

A

CNS/resp depression
suicidal ideation
viral infections, ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue

135
Q

heparin PC

A

anticoagulant

136
Q

heparin MOA

A

inactivates thrombin, prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

137
Q

heparin USE

A

thrombotic disorders, (non) ST- elevation acute coronary syndromes

138
Q

heparin ADMIN

A

SUBQ
continuous IV
not IM

139
Q

heparin AE

A

major bleeding
osteoporosis
thrombocytopenia

140
Q

heparin MP

A

hmg/hct, platelet count, PT,
s/s of bleeding

141
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) PC

A

analgesic combo (opioid)

142
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) MOA

A

binds to opiate receptors
activation of descending serotonergic inhibitory pathways in the CNS

143
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) MP

A

pain relief, resp/mental status, BP, bowel function, s/s of misuse or abuse

144
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) USE

A

pain management

145
Q

hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) ADMIN

A

oral- controlled substance

146
Q

hydrochlorothiazide PC

A

thiazide diuretic

147
Q

hydrochlorothiazide MOA

A

inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion

148
Q

hydrochlorothiazide MP

A

BP, I/Os, electrolytes, BUN/creatinine, ocular pain

149
Q

hydrochlorothiazide USE

A

edema, fluid overload, HTN//
Diabetes Insipidus

150
Q

hydrochlorothiazide ADMIN

A

oral- early in day

151
Q

hydrochlorothiazide AE

A

electrolyte disturbances, gout, ocular effects, allergic reactions

152
Q

hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene PC

A

K+ sparing thiazide diuretic

153
Q

hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene MOA

A

Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion

Blocks epithelial sodium channels in the late distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct which inhibits sodium reabsorption from the lumen

154
Q

hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene MP

A

BP, electrolytes, BUN/creatinine, LFTs, signs of hyperkalemia

155
Q

hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene USE

A

HTN, edema//
meniere disease

156
Q

hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene ADMIN

A

oral w/o regards to food

157
Q

hydromorphone PC

A

opioid analgesic

158
Q

hydromorphone MOA

A

binds to opioid receptors

159
Q

hydromorphone MP

A

pain relief, resp/mental status, BP, bowel function, s/s misuse abuse

160
Q

hydromorphone USE

A

pain management
sedation

161
Q

hydromorphone ADMIN

A

SUBQ
IV- slow over 2-3 mins

162
Q

hydromorphone AE

A

constipation
neurotoxicity, pruritis, respiratory depression, w/d

163
Q

lansoprazole PC

A

proton pump inhibitor

164
Q

lansoprazole MOA

A

decreases acid secretion in gastric parietal cells (H+, K+)

165
Q

lansoprazole MP

A

liver/kidney function
bone loss & fractures

166
Q

lansoprazole USE

A

GERD, peptic ulcer disease, hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)//
stress ulcer prophylaxis

167
Q

lansoprazole ADMIN

A

oral- 30-60 mins before a meal (breakfast)
NG tube

168
Q

levetiracetam PC

A

antiseizure agent

169
Q

levetiracetam MOA

A

facilitation of GABA-ergic inhibitory transmission through displacement of negative modulators

170
Q

levetiracetam MP

A

diastolic BP

171
Q

levetiracetam USE

A

focal onset seizures; generalized onset seizures//
craniotomy, status epilepticus, TBI

172
Q

levetiracetam AE

A

CNS depression, vomiting, increased BP, infection, asthenia, behavioral changes, drowsiness, fatigue, h/a, irritability, nasopharyngitis

173
Q

levofloxacin PC

A

antibiotic, fluroquinolone

174
Q

levofloxacin MOA

A

inhibits DNA-gyrase in susceptible organisms thereby inhibits relaxation of supercoiled DNA and promotes breakage of DNA strands

175
Q

zolpidem PC

A

hypnotic; nonbenzo benzo receptor agonist

176
Q

zolpidem MOA

A

enhances activity of inhibitory neurotransmitter [GABA]

177
Q

zolpidem MP

A

daytime alertness, RR, behavior, tolerance/abuse

178
Q

zolpidem USE

A

insomnia

179
Q

zolpidem ADMIN

A

immediately before bed

180
Q

zolpidem AE

A

CNS depression, SI, w/d, dizziness, drowsiness, h/a, action while sleeping

181
Q

warfarin PC

A

vitamin K antagonist

182
Q

warfarin MOA

A

active vitamin K is oxidatively converted to inactive form

183
Q

warfarin MP

A

prothrombin time, INR, hematocrit

184
Q

warfarin USE

A

MI, thrombotic complications

185
Q

warfarin ADMIN

A

oral-once daily @ same time

186
Q

warfarin AE

A

hemorrhage, decreased bone mineral density

187
Q

venlafaxine PC

A

antidepressant, serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

188
Q

venlafaxine MOA

A

inhibitors of neural serotonin & norepinephrine reuptake & weak inhibitors of dopamine reuptake

189
Q

venlafaxine MP

A

BP, lipid panel, hx of BH

190
Q

venlafaxine USE

A

GAD, MDD, panic disorder, SAD//
migraine, neuropathic pain, OCD, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder

191
Q

venlafaxine ADMIN

A

oral w/food

192
Q

venlafaxine AE

A

bleeding, fragility fractures, hepatotoxicity, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD, SI, diaphoresis, wt loss, anorexia, nausea, xerostomia, asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia,

193
Q

trazadone PC

A

antidepressant, serotonin reuptake inhibitor/antagonist

194
Q

trazadone AE

A

cardiac arrhythmias, ortho hypo, SI, w/d, n/v, xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, h/a, nervousness, blurred vision,

195
Q

trazadone ADMIN

A

oral

196
Q

trazadone USE

A

MDD//
dementia, insomnia

197
Q

trazadone MP

A

liver function, worsening thinking,

198
Q

trazadone MOA

A

inhibits reuptake of serotonin, blocks H1 & alpha-adrenergic receptors

199
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole PC

A

antibiotic, sulfonamide derivative

200
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole AE

A

c dif, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hepatotoxicity,

201
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ADMIN

A

IV, oral w/ 8 oz water

202
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole USE

A

UTI// animal & human bite, diabetic foot infection

203
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole MP

A

CBC, electrolytes, renal function

204
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole MOA

A

interferes w/bacterial folic acid synthesis, inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction

205
Q

sertraline PC

A

antidepressant, SSRI

206
Q

sertraline AE

A

bleeding, fragility, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD,SI, w/d, diahrrea, nausea, xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness,

207
Q

sertraline ADMIN

A

oral

208
Q

sertraline USE

A

MDD, OCD, Panic disorder, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, SAD//
binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, GAD, premature ejaculation

209
Q

sertraline MP

A

ht, wt, BMI, thinking

210
Q

sertraline MOA

A

selective inhibitory effects on presynaptic serotonin (5-HT) reuptake

211
Q

paroxetine PC

A

antidepressant, SSRI

212
Q

paroxetine AE

A

bleeding, fragility, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD,SI, w/d, diaphoresis, decreased libido, constipation, nausea, asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, h/a, insomnia, dyspepsia, ejaculatory disorder

213
Q

paroxetine ADMIN

A

oral w/o regards to meals, morning

214
Q

paroxetine USE

A

GAD, MDD, OCD, panic disorder, PTSD, SAD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder// body dismorphic disorder, premature ejaculation

215
Q

paroxetine MP

A

renal/liver function, thinking

216
Q

paroxetine MOA

A

inhibition of serotonin reuptake from brain synapse stimulated serotonin activity in the brain

341 (2 decks)

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