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NURS 330 PEDS > proficiency exam > Flashcards

proficiency exam Flashcards

1
Q

vancomycin pharm class____

A

glycopeptide

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2
Q

vancomycin use___

A

c Dif, endocarditis, enterocolitis, staphyloccal, streptococcal

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3
Q

vancomycin adverse effects__

A

hypokalemia, abdominal pain, nausea, nephrotoxicity

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4
Q

vancomycin monitoring parameters___

A

renal function tests, CBC

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5
Q

vancomycin MOA___

A

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking glycopeptide polymerization

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6
Q

famotidine pharm class___

A

histamine H2 antagonist

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7
Q

famotidine use ___

A

GERD, heartburn, aspiration prophylaxis, stress ulcer prophylaxis

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8
Q

famotidine AE____

A

agitation

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9
Q

famotidine MP____

A

CBC, gastric pH, occult blood

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10
Q

famotidine MOA___

A

inhibition of histamine at H2 receptors of the gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion

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11
Q

prednisolone pharm class__

A

adrenal corticosteroid

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12
Q

prednisolone use___

A

anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant

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13
Q

prednisolone AE___

A

osteoporosis (fracture)

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14
Q

prednisolone MP___

A

BP, wt, electrolytes, glucose, intraocular pressure, suppresses immune system

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15
Q

prednisolone MOA___

A

decreases inflammation by suppression of migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes; reducing activity & volume of lymphatic system

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16
Q

piperacillin & tazobactam pharm class___

A

antibiotic, penicillin

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17
Q

piperacillin & tazobactam use___

A

intraabdominal/pelvic/skin infections, pneumonia.
bite wound/bloodstream/UT infection, cystic fibrosis, septic shock

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18
Q

piperacillin & tazobactam AE___

A

diarrhea

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19
Q

piperacillin & tazobactam MP___

A

creatinine, BUN, CBC w/differential, PT PTT, electrolytes, LFTs, urinalysis, bleeding, anaphylaxis, CNS

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20
Q

piperacillin & tazobactam MOA___

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

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21
Q

pancrelipase pharm class___

A

enzyme

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22
Q

pancrelipase use___

A

pancreatic insufficiency (exocrine), occluded enteral feeding tubes

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23
Q

pancrelipase AE___

A

h/a, abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy, streptococcal infection, neck pain, otalgia, nasal congestion

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24
Q

pancrelipase MP___

A

abdominal symptoms, nutritional, wt, growth (in children), stool character, fecal fat

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25
Q

pancrelipase MOA___

A

natural product harvested from porcine pancreatic glands dissolve in more basic pH of the duodenum so they may act locally

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26
Q

nystatin pharm class___

A

anti fungal agent

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27
Q

nystatin use___

A

(oral) candidiasis
(topical) candida species
peritoneal dialysis-associated infection

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28
Q

nystatin AE___

A

diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting

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29
Q

nystatin MOA___

A

binds to sterols in fungal cell membrane, changing the cell wall permeability allowing for leakage of cellular contents

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30
Q

morphine pharm class___

A

opioid analgesic

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31
Q

morphine use___

A

pain management
critically ill (analgesia/sedation)
dyspnea

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32
Q

morphine AE___

A

constipation, respiratory depression
pruritus-itchy skin

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33
Q

morphine MP___

A

pain control, respiratory/mental status, BP, signs of misuse or abuse, addiction, s/s hypogonadism or hypoadrenalism

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34
Q

morphine MOA___

A

binds to opioid receptors in CNS

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35
Q

montelukast pharm class___

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist

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36
Q

montelukast use___

A

allergic rhinitis, asthma (maintenance), exercise-induced bronchoconstriction,
-aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, hypersensitivity reaction

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37
Q

montelukast AE___

A

nervous system disorders, psychiatric/sleep disturbances

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38
Q

montelukast MP___

A

neuropsychiatric events, suicidal thinking/behavior

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39
Q

montelukast MOA___

A

selective leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor

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40
Q

midazolam pc___

A

Antiseizure Agent, Benzodiazepine

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41
Q

midazolam use___

A

General anesthesia, Mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, sedation, Procedural sedation, outside the operating room, Seizures, intermittent, Status epilepticus: Seizalam

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42
Q

midazolam AE___

A

Vomiting, apnea, bradypnea, decreased tidal volume, nasal discomfort

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43
Q

midazolam MP___

A

level of sedation, RR, HR, PB, O2 sat, s/s resp depression

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44
Q

midazolam MOA___

A

Binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron at several sites within the central nervous system, including the limbic system and reticular formation

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45
Q

mesalamine PC___

A

5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivate

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46
Q

mesalamine USE___

A

Oral  ulcerative colitis in adults. (remission and active)

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47
Q

mesalamine AE___

A

abdominal pain, constipation, eructation, h/a, Nasopharyngitis

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48
Q

mesalamine MP___

A

renal function, CBC, hepatic function, dermatological toxicity, s/s of acute intolerance syndrome

49
Q

mesalamine MOA___

A

mesalamine modulates local chemical mediators of the inflammatory response, especially leukotrienes, and is also postulated to be a free radical scavenger or an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

50
Q

levetiracetam PC___

A

antiseizure agent, misc.

51
Q

levetiracetam USE___

A

Focal (partial) seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

52
Q

levetiracetam AE___

A

increased BP, vomiting, infection, behavioral problems, drowsiness, fatigue, h/a, irritability, psychotic symptoms, asthenia, nasopharyngitis,

53
Q

levetiracetam MP___

A

CNS depression, psychiatric behaviors, diastolic BP in kids 1 month to <4 yrs, CBC

54
Q

levetiracetam MOA___

A

inhibition of voltage-dependent N-type calcium channels; facilitation of GABA-ergic inhibitory transmission through displacement of negative modulators

55
Q

ketorolac PC__

A

analgesic, nonopioid, NSAID

56
Q

ketorolac USE___

A

pain management, acute: short term < 5 days

57
Q

ketorolac AE___

A

abdominal pain, dyspepsia, nausea, increased liver enzymes, headache

58
Q

ketorolac MOA___

A

Reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1 and 2) enzymes, which results in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors

59
Q

ketorolac MP___

A

response (pain), inflammation, weight gain, edema, renal function, creatinine, BUN, urine output, CBC, platelets, liver function test, chemistry profile, BP, observe for bleeding, mental status.

60
Q

ketamine PC___

A

NMDA receptor antagonist; general anesthetic

61
Q

ketamine USE___

A

Anesthesia, depression, pain control,

62
Q

ketamine AE___

A

laryngospasm, increased HR, increased BP, cardiac arrythmia, decreased BP, decreased HR (cardiac decompensation), drug dependence, withdrawal syndrome, Prolonged emergence from anesthesia, hallucinations, delirium, dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary incontinence, hematuria, nocturia, cystitis, hydronephrosis, bladder dysfunction, respiratory depression, apnea

63
Q

ketamine MP___

A

HR, BP, RR, O2 sat, cardiac function, LFT’s, alkaline phosphate, gamma glutamyl transferase

64
Q

ketamine MOA___

A

Produces a cataleptic-like state in which the patient is dissociated from the surrounding environment by direct action on the cortex and limbic system

65
Q

Acetylcysteine PC___

A

mucolytics; L-cysteine derivatives

66
Q

Acetylcysteine USE___

A

Acetaminophen overdose, viscid/thickened mucus,

67
Q

Acetylcysteine AE___

A

Autoimmune disease, Anaphylactoid reaction, bronchospasm, fever, drowsiness

68
Q

acetylcysteine MP___

A

anaphylaxis, serum acetaminophen, AST, ALT, bilirubin, PT, INR, serum creatinine, BUN, serum glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and electrolytes. N/V, skin rash

69
Q

acetylcysteine MOA___

A

Acetaminophen overdose: Acetylcysteine acts as a hepatoprotective agent by restoring hepatic glutathione, serving as a glutathione substitute, and enhancing the nontoxic sulfate conjugation of acetaminophen.

Mucolytic: Exerts mucolytic action through its free sulfhydryl group which opens up the disulfide bonds in the mucoproteins thus lowering mucous viscosity.

70
Q

acyclovir PC___

A

nucleosides and nucleotides

71
Q

acyclovir USE___

A

Herpes simple virus (HSV), Herpes zoster (shingles), Varicella (chickenpox)

72
Q

acyclovir AE___

A

decreased hemoglobin, decreased in absolute neutrophil count, malaise

73
Q

acyclovir MP___

A

Hydration status, urinalysis, BUN, serum creatinine, urine output, liver enzymes, CBC, s/s of neurotoxicity, neutrophil count at least twice a weekly in neonates receiving 60mg/kg/day IV. Monitor infusion site

74
Q

acyclovir MOA___

A

Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase and being incorporated into viral DNA

75
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) PC___

A

adrenergic beta-2 agonists

76
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) USE___

A

Bronchospasms, exercised-induced bronchospasms; hyperkalemia treatment

77
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) AE___

A

excitement, tremor, nervousness, bronchospasm, exacerbation of asthma, pharyngitis, rhinitis, upper respiratory tract infection

78
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) MP___

A

FEV1, peak flow, BP, HR, serum glucose, serum K+, serum creatinine, arterial or capillary blood gases, lactate, continuous EKG

79
Q

albuterol (salbutamol) MOA___

A

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by action on beta2-receptors with little effect on heart rate

80
Q

amoxicillin PC___

A

aminopenicillins

81
Q

amoxicillin USE___

A

Ear, nose, throat infection,
lower resp infection, Helicobacter pylori eradication, UTI, Rhinosinusitis, acute bacterial, skin and skin structure infections

82
Q

amoxicillin AE___

A

Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, Clostridioides difficile diarrhea/colitis, h/a, vulvovaginal infection

83
Q

amoxicillin MP___

A

renal, hepatic, and hematological function, s/s of anaphylaxis

84
Q

amoxicillin MOA__

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis

85
Q

ampicillin PC___

A

aminopenicillins

86
Q

ampicillin USE___

A

GI Tract infections, GU tract infections, respiratory tract infecrtions, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, meningitis, bacterial

87
Q

ampicillin AE___

A

brain disease (pcn-induced), glossalgia, seizure, sore mouth, erythema multiforme, exforliative, skin rash, urticaria

88
Q

ampicillin MP___

A

renal, hepatic, and hematological function, s/s of anaphalaxis

89
Q

ampicillin MOA___

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis

90
Q

carbamazepine PC___

A

antimanic, antiseizure

91
Q

carbamazepine USE__

A

bipolar disorder
focal/generalized onset seizures
neuropathic pain

92
Q

carbamazepine AE___

A

nausea, vomiting, ataxia, drowsiness, dizziness, constipation

93
Q

carbamazepine MP___

A

CBC with platelet count and differential, reticulocytes, serum iron, liver and renal function tests, urinalysis, BUN, serum sodium, ophthalmic exam including intraocular pressure

94
Q

carbamazepine MOA___

A

—may depress activity in the nucleus ventralis of the thalamus or decrease synaptic transmission or decrease summation of temporal stimulation leading to neural discharge by limiting influx of sodium ions across cell membrane or other unknown mechanisms; —stimulates the release of ADH and potentiates its action in promoting reabsorption of water; chemically related to tricyclic antidepressants

95
Q

gentamicin PC___

A

antibiotic, amino glycoside

96
Q

gentamicin USE___

A

Treatment of serious infections (eg, sepsis, meningitis, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, peritonitis, bone infections, skin and soft tissue infections)

97
Q

gentamicin AE___

A

hypertension, abnormal gait,
confusion, seizure, vertigo,
dyspnea, alopecia,
hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, uticaria, hepatomegaly, Agranulocytosis, muscle cramps, visual disturbance, fever, decreased urine specific gravity, hearing loss

98
Q

gentamicin MP___

A

Urinalysis,
urine output,
BUN, serum creatinine, plasma gentamicin levels (before and after third dose).
Hearing should be tested before and after treatment.

99
Q

gentamicin MOA___

A

Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunit resulting in a defective bacterial cell membrane

100
Q

dexamethasone PC___

A

Anti-inflammatory Agent; Antiemetic; Corticosteroid, Systemic

101
Q

dexamethasone USE___

A

As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration in synovitis of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute and subacute bursitis, Intralesional injection: Keloids; localized hypertrophic, infiltrated, inflammatory lesions of lichen planus, psoriatic plaques, granuloma annulare, and lichen simplex chronicus

Acute mountain sickness/high-altitude cerebral edema; Acute respiratory distress syndrome, fetal lung maturation

102
Q

dexamethasone AE___

A

GI issues, osteoporosis, myopathy, ocular effects,

103
Q

dexamethasone MP___

A

Hb, occult blood loss, BP, serum potassium, blood glucose, creatine kinase (if symptoms of myopathy occur), bone mineral density; intraocular pressure with systemic use >6 weeks; consider routine eye exams with chronic use; weight and height in children; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression

104
Q

dexamethasone MOA___

A

suppression of neutrophil migration, decreased production of inflammatory mediators, and reversal of increased capillary permeability; suppresses normal immune response

105
Q

fluticasone propionate & salmeterol PC___

A

Beta2 Agonist; Beta2-Adrenergic Agonist, Long-Acting; Corticosteroid, Inhalant

106
Q

fluticasone propionate & salmeterol USE___

A

asthma maintenance/controller
COPD

107
Q

fluticasone propionate & salmeterol AE___

A

h/a
upper respiratory tract infection
pneumonia
pharyngitis

108
Q

fluticasone propionate & salmeterol MP___

A

FEV1, peak flow, and/or other pulmonary function tests; blood pressure, heart rate; CNS stimulation; glaucoma and cataracts; bone mineral density
serum potassium
glucose
s/s candidiasis

109
Q

fluticasone propionate & salmeterol MOA___

A

Fluticasone: The mechanism of action for all topical corticosteroids is believed to be a combination of three important properties: Anti-inflammatory activity, immunosuppressive properties, and antiproliferative actions. Fluticasone has extremely potent vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity.

Salmeterol: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selective action on beta2-receptors with little effect on heart rate

110
Q

ceftriaxone PC___

A

Antibiotic, Cephalosporin (Third Generation)

111
Q

ceftriaxone USE___

A

infections:
bloodstream
bone/joint
gonococcal
intra-abdominal
lower respiratory tract
meningitis
skin/soft tissue
UTI
bite wounds (off label)

pelvis inflammatory disease
otitis media (acute)

112
Q

ceftriaxone AE___

A

urinary sludge (hypercalciuria)
renal failure
pancreatitis
C Dif
anemia
kernicterus

skin tightness

113
Q

ceftriaxone MP___

A

Prothrombin time/INR. Observe for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis. Test-of-cure 7 to 14 days after initial treatment of pharyngeal gonorrhea

114
Q

ceftriaxone MOA____

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis

115
Q

cimetidine PC___

A

Histamine H2 Antagonist

116
Q

cimetidine USE___

A

GERD
heartburn

117
Q

cimetidine AE___

118
Q

cimetidine MOA___

A

Competitive inhibition of histamine at H2 receptors of the gastric parietal cells resulting in reduced gastric acid secretion, gastric volume and hydrogen ion concentration reduced

119
Q

cimetidine MP___

A

CBC, gastric pH, renal function, occult blood w/GI bleeding, signs of confusion

NURS 330 PEDS (1 decks)

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