Professional Practice Models, Organizational Structure and Models of Care

Question 1

Organizational Charts

Answer 1

visual display of the organization’s positions and the intentional relationships among them, only formal structures appear on this chart, can be tall or flat

Question 2

Solid lines

Answer 2

Line positions, flow of authority

Question 3

Dotted lines

Answer 3

staff positions or advisory bodies, consultative relationships

Question 4

Span of control

Answer 4

number of employees reporting directly to a management position

Question 5

Scalar principle

Answer 5

number of management layers in the hierarchy

Question 6

Magnet hospitals

Answer 6

have recognized the benefits of decentralized decision making

Question 7

Nurses on Boards Coalition (NOBC)

Answer 7

represents national nursing and other organizations working to build healthier communities in America by increasing nurses’ presence on corporate, health-related, and other boards, panels and commissions

Question 8

Tall Organization advantages

Answer 8

Increased access to managers, greater supervisory capacity, layers of accountability, responsibility and skill

Question 9

Tall organization disadvantages

Answer 9

potential for micromanagement, slow decision making, less innovation

Question 10

Flat organization advantages

Answer 10

streamlining of goals, problem solving and resource use; greater staff autonomy, greater innovation

Question 11

Flat organization disadvantages

Answer 11

decreased access to managers and resources, overextension of managers, communication delays

Question 12

Attention to people, processes and outcomes

Answer 12

competence and leadership, use of merit based rewards, effectiveness of reporting relationships, information sharing

Question 13

Work Empowerment structures provide

Answer 13

opportunity for learning, information, support and resources; formal and informal power, proportion, low turnover, low burnout and high job satisfaction

Question 14

Professional Practice Model

Answer 14

conceptual framework or philosophy of nursing within an organization

Question 15

Nurse PPM

Answer 15

Represents importance and valuing of nurses in an organization
Support nurse control over practice
Enhance job satisfaction and retention
Must be supported by management/leadership to work
Work best when they parallel organization’s mission, vision, values, philosophy

Question 16

Mission Statements

Answer 16

Focus on patient care delivery
Inform public of organization’s key goals
Acts as a guide for developing objectives and actions

Question 17

Vision Statements

Answer 17

Focus on future direction of organization
Meant to be inspirational

Question 18

Values Statements

Answer 18

Reflect beliefs that guide organizational decision making
Drive how people act in organizations

Question 19

Philosophy

Answer 19

Explanation of beliefs that determine how the mission and vision will be achieved
Is abstract and describes an ideal state

Question 20

Policies

Answer 20

Formal guidelines
Help solve recurring problems
Direct decision making

Question 21

Procedures

Answer 21

Step-by-step directions of how to carry out activity
Evidence based
Includes necessary steps and supplies

Question 22

Structured Care methodologies

Answer 22

Critical pathways
Evidence-based algorithms
Protocols
Standards of care
Order sets
Clinical practice guidelines

Question 23

Healthy Work Environments

Answer 23

Found in Magnet organizations
Specific structures/processes that support nurses
High proportion of baccalaureate nurses
Adequate staffing
Collegial interprofessional relationships
Effective nursing leadership

Question 24

Care delivery model

Answer 24

Operational mechanism by which care is actually provided to patients

Question 25

Nursing care delivery models

Answer 25

Private duty
Functional
Team
Primary
Case management

Question 26

Functional Care Model

Answer 26

division of labor according to tasks; “assembly line” approach; fragmentation is a disadvantage

Question 27

Team Care Model

Answer 27

provision of care to a group of patients by RNs, LPNs, and aides; blurring of scope or practice is a disadvantage

Question 28

Primary Care Model

Answer 28

primary RN has 24* accountability for plan of care and collaborate with associate RNs; expense is a disadvantage

Question 29

Case Management Care Model

Answer 29

focuses on an entire episode of illness across care settings

Question 30

Private Duty Care Model

Answer 30

one to one care; often takes place in the home.

Question 31

Community Case Management Care Model

Answer 31

process and model to manage care (care coordination organized to achieve specific patient outcomes within the context of fiscal and other resource constraints).

Question 32

Pt and family centered care

Answer 32

Patient preferences
Realistic care options
Care decisions based on patient values
Improves patient satisfaction

Question 33

Future Models of Care

Answer 33

Transitional care model (TCM)
Patient-centered medical home (PCMH)
Future models focus on prevention

Question 34

Emphasis on shared governance

Answer 34

increase in staff participation and autonomy

Question 35

Current Issues and Trends

Answer 35

Inter-professional collaborative leadership
Whole system integration and shared governance to include patients and the community