Professional Issues Flashcards
Schedule I drugs
Illegal for rx
heroin
MDMA (ecstasy, Molly)
PCP (angel dust)
Schedule II drugs
legal to rx but significant abuse potential morphine fentanyl methadone oxycodone hydrocodone methylphenidate anabolic steroids
Schedule III drugs
less abuse potential than I and II drugs
testosterone
butalbital (Fioricet)
Schedule IV (4) drugs
low potential for abuse compared to III; commonly sleep aids
- zolpidem (Ambien)
- short-acting benzos
- phentermine
Schedule V (5) drugs
low potential for abuse compared to IV
- antidiarrheals diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil)
Beneficence
Provider’s obligation to help people in need
Nonmaleficence
Do no harm, or minimize harm
think = not doing harm
Paternalism
When the provider believes the patient would benefit from therapy but the informed patient declines intervention
Utilitarianism
the allocation of healthcare resources so that the best is done for the greatest number of people
- specifically primary prevention can help with cost savings
Veracity
the provider should be truthful and avoid deception, report known lapses of standards of care
think veritas = truth
Justice
equal, fair and unbiased
components of competency
pt must have ability to
- communicate choice
- understand relevant info
- appreciate consequences
- provide reason of choice
Occurrence Basis policy
covers injuries that occur during the active policy period
Claims-made policy
covers injuries if a claim is filed during the active policy or if there is a “tail” policy
Medicare covers
age ≥65
age ≤65 with certain disabilities
anyone with End-Stage Renal Disease requiring dialysis or kidney transplant
Medicare Part A covers
Hospital services and other healthcare institutions
Medicare Part B covers
Outpatient services and home health
supplemental
NPs can be reimbursed for “physician-like” services, not RN services
Medicare Part C provides
Part A and B by private companies
PPO and HMO services
Medicare Part D provides
Prescription drug coverage with annual premium
must have Part A and B to qualify for Part D
“Incident to” Billing
Allows 100% reimbursement if NP employed by MD who initiates treatment and is present
Medicaid Requirements
US citizen or permanent resident low or very low income blind disabled elder in needs of nursing home care pregnant women those with children with disability or is responsible for children under 19
Power Analysis
mathematical calculation used to determine minimum sample size needed to reasonably detect a given effect
General standard of power analysis
80%
Confidence interval
margin of error
the range in which the response is likely to be accurate
Absolute Risk Reduction
the % risk in a control group minus the % risk in a treatment group
Relative Risk Reduction
the percentage of risk removed by the treatment
Validity
the results indicate what the researcher thinks they indicate
Internal Validity
“problem w/ study structure”
includes research design and step of the scientific method
Great results are invalidated by sloppy or poor design
External Validity
“problem making the causal relationship”
includes assessment of inferences or causal relationship
design and process may be perfect but the inference is not supported
CPT
Current procedural terminology
New to practice CPT code
99201
Existing patient CPT code
99211
Level 2 visit
2/3:
problem focused history
problem focused exam
straightforward medical decision making
Level 3 visit
2/3:
expanded problem focused history
expanded problem focused exam
low complexity medical decision making
Level 4
2/3:
detailed history
detailed exam
moderate complexity medical decision making
Level 5
2/3:
comprehensive history
comprehensive exam
high complexity medical decision making
