Professional Flashcards
An organization that promotes learning for all its members and creates conditions in which profound and sustainable learning can occur..
Learning Community
Directing students to link information together to create new ideas , is which level of Blooms Taxonomy?
Synthesis
A systematic and continuing evaluation that can lead to changes in the curriculum or class design is known as..
Formative Evaluation
Instructional Activity in which students become the teacher in small group reading sessions.
Reciprocal Teaching
a test that assesses students by comparing their performance to that of a norm group
Norm-referenced test
a test that assesses students by comparing their performance to a per-determined level of mastery (ex: FCAT)
Criterion-referenced test
The consistency of a measurement over time and repeated measurements
Reliability
Can be determined by comparing a test score against some separate or independent observation of whatever is being measured
Validity
A test that has been carefully constructed and field tested so that it has a high degree of reliability and validity
Standardized test
Mean, median and mode
Measures of central tendency
The midpoint in a distribution of scores from the higher to the lowest
Median
The score in a distribution that appears most frequently.
Mode
Measures of variability
Used to describe the amount of spread.
The greatest score minus the least score in a set of scores , the simplest measure of variability
Range
A measure of dispersion of a set of data values about the mean of the data set.
Standard deviation
Blooms taxonomy first level is?
Evaluation
Blooms taxonomy second level is ?
Synthesis
Blooms taxonomy third level is ?
Analysis
Blooms taxonomy fourth level is ?
Application
Blooms taxonomy fifth level is ?
comprehension
Blooms taxonomy sixth level is ?
Knowledge
The total number of correct responses on an assessment.
Raw score
The distance in standard deviations from the mean of the scores on the assessment . (Raw score- mean score)/ standard deviation
Z score
A value at or below which P percent of the data fall
Percentile
Values that divide an ordered data set into four portions, each of which contains approximately 1/4 of the data
Quartile
scores derived from percentiles; compare test performance using nine intervals that are numbered 1 to 9
stanine scores
used to describe student’s performance in comparison to the performance of an average student at a specified grade level
grade equivalent score
occurs before and during instruction
formative assessment
administered before instruction and are designed to identify students’ strengths and weaknesses (e.g., pre-tests, student interviews, learning style inventories)
diagnostic assessment
requires that new kindergarten students in Florida public schools be assessed for school readiness at the beginning of the school year (ESI-K and DIBELS)
Florida School Readiness Uniform Screening System (SRUSS)
assesses children’s visual-motor/adaptive development, their language and cognition, and their gross motor skills
Early Screening Inventory - Kindergarten (ESI-K)
measures important skills that form the basis for early success in reading
Dynamic Indicators of Basic Literacy Skills (DIBELS)
most often used to determine students’ academic achievement in each class or course, often for the purpose of grades (e.g., student projects, unit and chapter tests, standardized tests)
summative assessment
summative assessment tool which measures students’ achievement on the Florida Sunshine State Standards; administered in grades 3-11; measures skills in reading, writing, science, and math
Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT)
incorporates real-life application tasks and enables the teacher to directly assess meaningful and complex educational performances
authentic assessment
same as authentic assessment; long been used in assessment of music, art, drama, and physical education
performance assessment
same as authentic assessment; long been used in science, math, social studies, and language arts
process/product assessment
(aka teacher observation) uses systematic observational methods along with checklists, interviews, and questioning while students are engaged in learning activities
instructionally embedded assessment
meaningful collection of student work; one of the best ways for students to engage in assessing their progress over time
portfolio
include stories, essays, drawings, models, audio recordings, videos, powerpoints, and other mechanisms that allow students to demonstrate their acquisition of knowledge and skills
projects
an assessment tool, listing skills or performances, that can used by teachers or students to monitor learning
checklist
provide a way for students to respond in writing to a prompt by the teacher and to reflect on their own learning
journals
performed by the students (e.g., grading their own papers, group participation, and portfolio assessment)
student self-assessment
assessment by students of their classmates’ products or performances
peer assessment
In planning for a supportive learning environment both the gathering and examination of data are important. The best way to gather data is from what perspective?
multiple perspectives
A systematic and continuing evaluation that can lead to changes in the curriculum or class design is known as
Formative evaluation
A teacher reads a section of text, models a summary of what was read, asks a question about the text, clarifies potential areas of confusion and predicts what will come next. The class is then divided into small groups and students take turns assuming the role of teacher. This is known as which of the following?
reciprocal teaching
Teachers normally use what to write their lesson plans?
Cognitive Domain
Which of the following is not true of holistic scoring
It scores a portion of work.
The research term used to describe factors or characteristics that can have more than one value is the:
Variable.
The ages 12 to 18 years is associated with which of the following stages of the Theory of Psychosocial Development?
Identity vs. role confusion.
Which popular high school test does the CollegeBoard offer a teacher workshop for
The SAT.
What is the minimum amount of numbers you need to find the mean?
2
Teachers do what in explicit teaching?
Both describe and model skills.
A patient’s episodic memory is responsible for doing what?
Recalling experiences from our past.
Which constructivist learning theory advocates students discovering the answers for themselves?
Discovery learning.
What is the definition of test-retest reliability?
Giving the exact same test on more than one occasion.
The method links a series of facts or ideas together, so that when one fact is remembered, it triggers recall of a lot of other related facts.
accelerated learning
There are three domains of learning.
cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains
WHAT DOMAIN DO THESE FALL UNDER : perception (applying sensory information to motor activity), set (readiness to act), guided response (ability to imitate a shown behavior), mechanism (ability to change a learned response into habitual actions), complex overt response (ability to carry out complex action patterns), adaptation (ability to change learned skills to meet particular events), and origination (making new patterns for a given situation).
PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAIN
An instructional method in which students must use reading cues from all cueing systems, and in which the goal is to produce proficient readers
Reading for meaning
theorists is known for her “Follow the Child” theory?
Maria Montessori
Male students are more likely to have stronger skills in which of the following areas than do female students?
Spatial skills
These books were published as graded or “leveled” readers to uphold the values, beliefs, and way of life for Americans during the 1800s. What were they?
McGuffey Readers
a community that is establish and furnished
Climax Community
is the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat.
Secondary Succession
process of replacing a community that may have been damaged or natural causes
Succession
A thick subsurface layer of soil that remains below freezing point throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions
Polar/ Thermaforst
he framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects and supports the body tissues and internal organs. The human skeleton contains 206 bones, six of which are the tiny bones of the middle ear (three in each ear) that function in hearing.
Skeletal Systems
consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body.
Muscular Systems
is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body. Food passes through a long tube inside the body known as the alimentary canal or the gastrointestinal tract
Digestive System
is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary organs of the respiratory system are lungs, which carry out this exchange of gases as we breathe.
Respiratory Systems
are the heart, blood and blood vessels. It includes the pulmonary circulation, a “loop” through the lungs where blood is oxygenated; and the systemic circulation, a “loop” through the rest of the body to provide oxygenated blood.
circulatory systems
the action of breathing
Respiration
transfer of DNA from parents to young by offspring
Genes
Traits or characters came in several forms
Alleles
Law of Dominance- on trait covers up the allele of the other trait
Law of Segregation- Only one of the two alleles from each parent is passed on to the offspring
Law of independent assortment- sort independently of each other
Mendel’s 3 laws
The stronger of the two traits, Capital letter
Dominant
individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive, they are
Homozygous
the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
Genotype
How the trait is expressed, example: blue eyes
Phenotype
is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele.
Incomplete Domonice
Codominance is a form of dominance wherein the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed. This results in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.
Codomincance
that cause the death of the organism that carries them.
Lethal Allele
re rare genetic (inherited) disorders in which the body cannot properly turn food into energy.
Inborn errors of metabolism
In humans, red-green colorblindness is a recessive
sex linked traits
production of sperm and egg cells
Gametogenesis
begins a puberty in a male, starts to produce sperm
Spermatogenesis
is the division of somatic cells
identical to parent cells
occurs for cells growth
Oogenesis
the division of sex cells
four cells result
half the number of parents
Meiosis
study of organisms where they live and enviornment
Ecology
ecology regards to temp, rainfall, and the species
Biomes
75 percent water
of, found in, or produced by the sea.
Marine
constant 25 degrees temp
rainfall exceeds 200 centimeters per year
Tropical Forest
temps range 0 - 25 celcius
little rainfall
Shrubs and grasses
Savanna
10 to 38 degrees
under 25 centimeters per year
lizards snacks, xerophytes
Desert
24 to 38 degrees
rainfall 65 through 150
deciduous trees are common as well as deer bear and squirrels
Temperate Decidous Forest
the sometimes swampy coniferous forest of high northern latitudes, especially that between the tundra and steppes of Siberia and North America.
Taiga
Earth’s coldest, harshest biomes. Tundra ecosystems are treeless regions found in the Arctic and on the tops of mountains, where the climate is cold and windy and rainfall is scant.
Tundra
he framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects and supports the body tissues and internal organs. The human skeleton contains 206 bones, six of which are the tiny bones of the middle ear (three in each ear) that function in hearing.
Skeletal Systems
American man brought to the moon
Apollo 11
when warm moist air carries trade winds rotate around low pressure
Hurricanes
4 parts of the sun
Core- inner part
photosphere- makes sunlight
chromosphere- hydrogen causes color
corona- part of visible sun
points of locate other stars in the sky “ Big Dipper”
Constellations
irregular, elliptical, or spiral
Galaxies
pulsar
quasar
black hole
Deep Space
What causes seasons to change?
the tilt of the earths axis
measure of earths pull of gravity on an object
Weight
metric measure
Kilogram
relationships between heat, forms of energy and work
Law of Thermodynamics
that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed.
1st Law of Thermodynamics
systems that are nearly always in a state of equilibrum
Reversible Systems
No machine is 100 percent efficient
Heat cannot pass from colder to hotter object
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
measure of how much energy or heat is there for work
Entropy
These two things are reactions that change composition, energy, or structure of atomic nuclei
Nuclear or Atomic Reactions
Fission vs Fusion
- splitting of nuclei
2. joining of nuclei
respond to basic stimuli such as presence of light, heat or food
Single Celled Organisms
What controls each step of the replication of DNA
Enzymes
make place for protein to be made
Ribosomal RNA
Messenger RNA- copy code from DNA
Transfer RNA- carries and postion, amino acids for ribosomes
Phases of the DNA
energy traveling from sun that radiates into space
Solar Radiation
protons and electrons that shot from chromosome in the speeds to earth
Solar Flares
Created with a broad arching of the crust
Unwrapped Mountains
formed as magma tries to push up through the earths surface
Dome Mountains
Phase of the moon when the light reflected on the moon is in a crescent on the left side
Waning Crescent
Phase of the moon when all but the right most portion of the moon is visible
Waning Gibbous
Phase of the moon when the sun reflects completely on the moon
Full moon
Phase of the moon when all but the left most side of the moon is visible
Waxing Gibbous
Phase of the moon when light is visible on the right side of moon’s surface
First Quarter
Phase of the moon when a crescent of sunlight is reflected on the right side of the moon
Waxing Crescent
For a collision occurring between object 1 and object 2 in an isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the t
Momentum conservation
chemical and pesticides in the food chain
Biological Magnification
Phosphate salts that are released from rocks through weathering usually dissolve in soil water and will be absorbed by plants.
Phosphorus Cycle
80 percent of atmosphere nitrogen makes amino acids.
Nitrogen Cycle
ability to successfully reproduce with members of own kind.
Species
moon earth and sun inline ( higher or lower)
moon earth and sun are at an angle ( no difference)
Spring Tides vs Neap Tides
formed by high temps and great pressures, extreme heat
Metamorphic Rocks
Volcanic Rocks - molted rock called lava, when magma cools down
Igneous Rocks
Fluids sediments are transformed into rocks. “ lithification”
Sedimentary Rocks
net force = acceleration
Newtons 2nd Law of Motion
every action is a reaction
Newtons 3rd Law of Motion
What are the four types of Clouds ?
Cirrus- white, fluffy, high sky
Cumulus- white, thick, fluffy
Startus- layers of clouds covers most of sky
Nimbus- heavy, present when thunderstorm
force of friction of objects that are NOT in contact but do have motion related
Static Friction
Work done divided by time it took
Power
What are computer linked probes?
To measure environmental factors ex; temp, oxygen, PH, iconic concretion
Monetary Time Sampling
Use to measure behavior
