Production of Materials, Acidic Environment. Flashcards
A reaction that displaces Hydrogen involves the combination of an active metal with an acid. What equation represents the products of a reaction between Magnesium and Hydrochloric Acid?
A) MgCl + H2
B) Mg2Cl + H
C) MgCl + H
D) MgCl2 + H2
D
The following equation represents the combustion of Methane in the presence of an excess of Oxygen: aCH4 + bO2 –> cCO2 +dH2O
After it has been balanced, what is the correct molar ratio?
a b c d
A) 1 2 1 2
B) 2 1 2 1
C) 1 2 1 1
D) 1 2 2 1
A
What is the best ‘word’ description of the equation below?
HCl + NaOH –> NaCl + H2O
A) Acid + Base –> Salt + Water
B) Active Metal + Base –> Salt + Water
C) Base + Acid –> Nonmetal Compound + Water
D) Acid + Base –> Natrium Chloride + Water
A
What is the most correct answer for the following reaction below?
Al + O2 –>
A) Al2O3
B) AlO3
C) Al(OH)3
D) Al2O3
D
What are the most likely substances to fill the spaces of the reaction below?
x + CaCO3 --> CaCl2 + y + H2O
x y
A) 3HCl CaCO
B) H2Cl CaO
C) 2HCl CO2
D) 2HClO CO2C
The below process is used in the oil industry. What are the most likely names for the two products?
Pentene -catalyst-> x + y
x y
A) Pentane Hexane
B) Ethane Propane
C) Ethene Propene
D) Propene EthaneC
Which of the following molecules would be most reactive?
A) 2- Methylbutane
B) 2,3-Dimethylhexane
C) Methane
D) 2-Butene
D
Substance Y produced in the below reaction would be?
CH3–CH=CH2 + H2O -H2SO4 -Catalyst-> Y
A) 2-Propanol
B) 1-Hydratedpropane
C) 1,2-Propanol
D) Propane
A
The formula below is for a general long chain alkane. Which of the following substances could be used to construct it? (-CH2-)n A) (Ethene)1/2n B) (Butene)n C) (Ethene)n D) (Polypropylene)1/2n
A
A property common to almost all polymers would be that they
A) Are all low density
B) Have a natural rigidity
C) Are good thermal and electrical insulators
D) Are chemically active
C
During the manufacture of Polyethene, swapping one of the Hydrogen in Polyethene with Chlorine results in
A) Increased thermal resistance
B) Decreases the electrical resistance
C) Forms a more rigid plastic
D) Makes it more resistant to attack
C
The table gives the heat of combustion in kJ.g-1 for a number of different fuels.
fuel Heat of Combustion (kJ.g-1)
Methanol 22.7
Ethanol 29.6
Propanol 33.6
Octane 47.8
The heat of combustion in kJ.mol-1 for one of the fuels was calculated as 2016 kJ.mol-1.
What was the fuel?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) Propanol
D) OctaneC
A student tried to determine the molar heat of combustion of propanol using 200g of water in a can with a themometer in it, and a burner underneath the can containing 1-Propanol. The following results were obtained: Mass of 1-Propanol burnt= 0.60g Mass of water heated= 200g Initial temperature of water= 21.0 'C The molar heat of combustion of 1-Propanol is 2021 kJ.mol-1. Assuming no heat loss, what would be the final temperature of the water? A) 24.2'C B) 29.1'C C) 45.2'C D) 48.4'C
C
Plutonium -241 is an unstable isotope and quickly decays to another more stable element by emitting a "beta" particle. The new element would be: A) americium-242 B) americium-241 C) plutonium-242 D) neptunium-241
B
Sodium azide is used in automobile airbags to provide a source of nitrogen gas for rapid inflation in an accident. The equation shows the production of nitrogen gas from sodium azide.
2NaN3(s) –> 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)
What mass of sodium azide will produce 40 L of N2 at 100 kPa and 0’C?
A) 70 g
B) 76 g
C) 114 g
D) 172 g
B
Phosgene is prepared from the equilibrium reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst:
CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g) delta H= -9.93 kJ.mol-1
Which of the following sets of conditions would produce the highest yield of phosgene?
A) High temperature, high pressure
B) Low temperature, low pressure
C) Low temperature, high pressure
D) High temperature, low pressure
C
The ion HCO3- is commonly found in blood and is part of the “buffering” system that maintains a stable pH in the body. Acidosis is a condition often found in older people where the pH slips below 7 and can disrupt many natural functions. If the buffering system is working properly and the pH does drop below 7, which of the following reactions is most likely to happen?
A) The HCO3- ion will react to form H2CO3(aq)
B) The HCO3- ion will react to form O2 + H2O
C) The HCO3- ion changes to CO3*2-
D) The HCO3- ion soaks up the excess CO2 floating in the blood
A
What features of the molecular structure of ethanol account for its extensive use as a solvent? Include a diagram in your answer.
Includes:
- The dispersion forces between the C2H5 end of the molecule account for its use as a non-polar solvent.
- Unbonded electrons on the OH end of the molecule, account for its use as a polar solvent.
- In diagram, shows unbonded electrons on O as lewis dots. And includes delta positive and delta negative on OH end. (Permanent dipole established).
Name and describe the chemistry of a radioisotope in the following:
-Industry
Includes:
- Americium-241 is used for smoke alarms.
- The half life of the radioisotope, and what it emits. (432 years).
In the margarine industry, alkenes are often hydrogenated to convert unsaturated oils into solid fats that have a greater proportion of saturated molecules. Using ethene as an example, write an equation for this reaction and state the type of reaction this represents.
Addition Reaction:
C2H4(g) + H2(g) –> C2H6(l)
Outline the procedure you would use to prepare a standard solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate from solid sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Includes:
- The equipment used; Volumetric flask, pipette, Distilled water, volumetric scale.
- Procedure; Weight the mass of solid sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and record. Rinse Volumetric flask, and pipette in distilled water. Add solid sodium hydrogen carbonate. Add distilled water through pipette into volumetric flask until it reaches the line on the volumetric flask.
Calculate the mass of solid sodium hydrogen carbonate required to make 250 mL of 0.12 mol.L-1 solution.
n= cv n= 0.12 x 0.250 n= 0.03 mol m= nM m= 0.03 x 84.00 m= 2.52 g
What volume of 0.005 mol.L-1 KOH is required to neutralise 15 mL of 0.0005 mol.L-1 solution of H2SO4?
3 mL
How can a monomer be altered to produce stiffer or more rigid polymers?
Includes:
-The more alkyl groups or extra atoms that can be substituted for the H atoms the “stiffer” the plastic. I.e. C2H3Cl produces a more rigid polymer than C2H4.
