Production, Costs and Revenue Flashcards

1
Q

What is productivity?

A

Productivity measures the efficiency of the production process.

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2
Q

What is the formula for productivity?

A

Output per unit of input.

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3
Q

What is production?

A

Production is a measure of the value of the output of goods and services, e.g. measured by national GDP

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4
Q

What are the factors affect labour productivity?

A

Demand side factors:
When demand is high businesses make more intensive use of existing inputs e.g. machinery/overtime shifts

High demand creates increases profits which can then be used to fund investment in newer more efficient capital.

Supply side factors
Skills, experience and qualifications of the workforce

Speed and efficiency of infrastructure e.g. telecoms.

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5
Q

What is the short run?

A

At least one of the factor inputs is fixed.

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6
Q

What is the long run?

A

All factors of production are variable and the scale of production can change allowing a firm to benefit from economies of scale.

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7
Q

What is division of labour?

A

Specialisation of individual tasks in the production process.

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8
Q

What are the advantages of specialisation?

A
Increased productivity and quality
Lowers the unit cost of supply
Higher profits for businesses
Lower prices gives consumers greater purchasing power
Can lead to growth.
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of specialisation?

A

Risks of repetitive strain injuries at work because of repeated tasks.

Reduced job satisfaction hurts productivity and also increased absenteeism.

Lower motivation and eventually causes lower productivity

Higher labour turnover

Employees may suffer structural unemployment.

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10
Q

What is average cost?

A

Total cost/Output

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11
Q

What is Average fixed cost?

A

Total fixed cost per unit of output

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12
Q

What is a fixed cost?

A

A cost that does not vary directly with the level of output.

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13
Q

What is a marginal cost?

A

The change in total costs form increasing output by one extra unit.

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14
Q

What are examples of fixed costs?

A

Renting costs
Fixed salary costs
Business insurance

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15
Q

What are examples of variable costs?

A
Wage costs
Component parts
Raw materials
Energy and fuel costs
Packaging costs
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16
Q

Draw an average cost curve

A

a

17
Q

Draw an Marginal cost curve

A

a

18
Q

Draw an Average variable cost curve

A

a

19
Q

How would a rise in variable costs affect a Marginal cost and Average total cost curve?

A

AC2 Rises, MC2 Shifts left

20
Q

What are on the axis of an average cost curve?

A

Cost on the Y, Output on X