product_design_-_last_20240629211421 Flashcards
- 1 How can exploring the context a design solution is intended for inform decisions and outcomes?
- where and how product is used
- primary user and wider stakeholder requirements
- social, moral, cultural, economic
designers spend time exploring range of different factors that could affect solution produced. important to meet w end user to speak about their requirements. these responses then discussed w other designers on the team
spider chart- record first thoughts surrounding context
5Ws- Who (e-u, wsh, req) , What (ps, p/s cs, mctp, i), Where (pu/pr, i/o), When (d/n, b/q), Why (d?, m/tp)
cultural - Japan people sit on the floor to eat
economic/moral- people have less money to spend during period of recession
Design brief and specification
design situation outlined first, followed by design brief (short description of design problem and how it is to be solved)
short paragraphs/few sentences
list of measurable design criteria that the product must meet. set of bullet points. provides more detail on specific requirements of product. good= includes ACCESS FMS + social.
- 2.1 Why is usability an important consideration when designing prototypes?
- impact on user’s lifestyle
- ease of use and inclusivity
- ergonomic considerations and anthropometric data to support ease of use
- aesthetic considerations
-Usability (how easy a product is to use) importance - Badly designed products- difficult to complete tasks/cause discomfort/injury. well designed- w user at centre of design+ development process= more likely successfully received by c
- 2.2
- impact on user’s lifestyle
- ease of use and inclusivity
- ergonomic considerations and anthropometric data to support ease of use
- aesthetic considerations
lifestyle: health, reliance, isolation
inclusivity- practice of including people who may otherwise be excluded/marginalized. Sizes, shapes, disabilities, culture. Larger market, accessible to everyone. User-centered design. welcoming, flexible, convenient. inclusive. Consider: colour, signage, text/symbols), function, material, user interface
Ergonomic-incorporates anthropometrics to improve user experience. easy to use/comfort,/no pain, strain, discomfort, injury. Size, weight, shape, position. 5th-95th percentile - majority
Anthropometric- practice of taking measurements of human body. provides useful categorised data used by designers.
Aesthetics- looks and feels. user’s opinion of it. colour, texture, sound, smell, taste, form, scale. Colour: visual cue, universal/meanings/cultural differences.
- 1 opportunities and constraints that influence design and making requirements
- fashion, trends, taste/style, society, marketing, branding, usability, impact on the environment, LCA, work of past and present professionals and companies in the area of DT
- fashion/trends/taste/style
-social and ethical -e.g fairtrade
marketing and branding
functionality/usability
environmental- sustainable - LCA
anthropometrics/ergonomics
target audience
availbility/cost of materials
aesthetics
- 2 How do developments in design and technology influence design decisions and practice?
- now and future scenarios from ethic, environment, product enhancement perspectives
designers should critically evaluate influece of naet on design choices
new and emerging technologies (technologies/materials recently invented/recently used)
ethics- now and future. e.g nanoparticles/articifial organs health care but thoughts about not placing artifical in body/harmful. robots replacing humans.
environment- friendly, sustainable, renewable, biodegradeable. electric cars, bioplastics reduce need for oil plastics.
product enhancement- any change that makes a product better in some way. improvement of products/development of ones. smart materials.
- 1 impacts of new and emerging technologies when developing design solutions?
- industry/enterprise (e.g circular economy
- people, lifestyle, culture, society
- environment, sustainability
-industry: improve quality+ speed of making, maintain customer satisfaction, reducing impact on environment
automation: machinery used to complete tasks previously done by humans. programmed to carry out a procedure multiple times, improve production time. cost of setting up machine is high, but when they are operated less running costs, less waste is produced.
robotics- use of robots AI, increase efficiency, handle harmful material, expensive.
linear (landfill waste, heavy reliance on fossil fuels)->circular economy (encourages design ‘products made to be made again’)
Enterprise- crowdfunding(websites to advertise products as investment opportunities, people donate if think viable, rewarded), virtual marking and retail (online websites+promotion, algorithms generate info of user, social media), cooperatives (organisations with lots of people working together towards common goals)
People- technology push (when technology advances enough to invent/develop new products). Tech developments change ppl’s lifestyle/behaviours, vice versa ppl influence how tech is developed to suit their wants and needs. Market pull (when consumers’ demands forces the invention/development of new product). Change in fashion trends. Physical disabilities. Elderly. Religious groups.
- 3 Wider implications’ influence on design and making
- environmental initiatives
- fair trade
- social and ethical awareness
- global sustainable development
Environmental initiatives - 5p on plastic bags,
sustainable goals of renewable energy access for all
Ethics- moral/ethical values of customer, appealing to them. Treatment of workers, sourcing of materials, testing on animals
New and emerging technologies
VR, AI Robotics, Autonomous cars, 3D printing, 5G, Drones, smart materials, composite materials, technical textiles, biometrics, Bluetooth, wireless, nano technology
Improvements
Continuous improvement - continually making small adjustments to production techniques to improve productivity, speed, quality, save resources, encourage people to work together and give regular feedback, create team harmony
Efficient working
Increasing speed of production, reducing errors and waste
E.g utilising automation or CAM, implementing QC (set of checks to make sure product meets specified customer requirements after manufacture done before manufacture)
