product design-materials Flashcards
what is the definition of strength
the ability to withstand forces without breaking
what’s the toughness of a material
hard to break or snap-the material can change shape slightly instead
whats the elasticity of a material
can stretch and bend and return to their original shape.
what does ductile mean
a material that can be drawn into a wire
-stretched without breaking
what does it mean if a material is malleable
it can be bent or shaped without breaking
give some examples of alloys
bronze
brass
steel or high speed steel
pewter
duralumin
why are metals alloyed with other materials
to increase strength
-easier workability
to produce tough corrosion resistant materials
improve working properties
improve aesthetics
what are examples that metals are alloyed with
aluminium
vanadium
what is an alloy
a mixture of at least 2 metals that are combined to give enhanced properties
whats some advantages of using a composite material
- Improve resistance to water absorption
- Improve insulation properties
- Improve ability to preserve contents
- Improve strength and stability of the container
what are some disadvantages of using a composite material
- Not always recycled by some local collection services hence may
be incinerated or end up in land fill - Do not degrade easily if littered
- Difficult to separate different materials from each other for
recycling at the end of a containers life
what are some examples of commercial manufacturing processes
die cutting
routing
turning
lamination
casting
vacuum forming
weaving
whats die cutting and what material is it used for
-cutting out of nets
-making perforations
-creasing of card
used for paper or card
what is routing and what material is it used for
production of grooves rebates and joints
timber based materials
what is turning and what material is it used for
turning cylindrical objects and shapes
used for timber based materials
what is lamination and what material is it used for
bonding layers of veneer to make a large flat boars or complex curved shape using a former
timber based materials
why would bulk buying need to be considered by a manufacturer when buying materials
economies of sales
-discounts
-reduction of cost
-competitive price
stock forms
-quality
-limited waste
standard components
-reduce final product cost
-secure discounts
whats some examples of pollution caused by manufacture
oceanic
-pesticides and fertilisers
-enter food chain and poison water
-oil spills
atmospheric
-acid rain-kills fish and plants
-green house gasses
-global dimming
-health issues
what is a composite material
a material made from 2 or more types of materials
what is mass production
-continuous production of tens of thousands of products
-minimum human involvement
-large number of identical products
examples
loo roll, tvs, packaging
what is batch production
-made in batches
-suited for small quantities of products
-use of jigs moulds and templates to ensure consistency
-flexibility in manufacture
examples
bread, designer clothes, wedding dresses
