Producing New Cells

Question 1

Why is mitosis important for animals

Answer 1

for growth, repair of damaged tissues and replacement of dead or damaged cells.
Also maintains diploid chromosome complement.

Question 2

What is it meant by ‘chromosome complement’

Answer 2

The total number of chromosomes found in a cell

Question 3

What is the chromosome complement of a body cell (e.g. skin cell)

Answer 3

46

Question 4

How many matching sets of chromosomes do diploid cells have

Answer 4

2

Question 5

How many matching sets of chromosomes do haploid cells have

Answer 5

One

Question 6

Why is it important that DNA is replicated before a cell divides

Answer 6

To ensure there is no loss to genetic material

Question 7

First stage of mitosis

Answer 7

Nucleus containing long uncoiled chromosomes. The chromosomes replicate to form 2 identical chromatids.

Question 8

Second stage of mitosis

Answer 8

Chromatids shorten and thicken to become visible

Question 9

Third stage of mitosis

Answer 9

The chromatids move to the equator of the cell.
Spindle fibres form and become attached to the chromatids at the centromeres

Question 10

Fourth stage of mitosis

Answer 10

Chromatids are pulled apart and chromosomes move tl opposite ends of the cell

Question 11

Fifth stage of mitosis

Answer 11

A nuclear membrane forms around each set of separated chromatids which are now called chromosomes.

Question 12

Sixth stage of mitosis

Answer 12

The cytoplasm divides and forms two identical daughter cells each containing the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.